Skip to main content

Table 3 IRRs of infection-related hospital admissions in different time periods after an antibiotic prescription comparing different levels of prior antibiotic use (propensity-matched cohorts with URTI, LRTI, UTI, Otitis Media or Externa)

From: The effectiveness of frequent antibiotic use in reducing the risk of infection-related hospital admissions: results from two large population-based cohorts

  

CPRD

SAIL

Days 1–3 after

Days 4–30 after

Months 3–6 after

Days 1–3 after

Days 4–30 after

Months 3–6 after

Quintile of prior antibiotic use

Stratum

IRR (95% CI)

IRR (95% CI)

IRR (95% CI)

IRR (95% CI)

IRR (95% CI)

IRR (95% CI)

 

All

      

Lowest

 

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Low

 

1.01 (0.88–1.16)

1.20 (1.05–1.37)

1.23 (1.07–1.42)

1.10 (0.96–1.25)

1.07 (0.95–1.19)

1.33 (1.20–1.48)

Middle

 

0.95 (0.84–1.07)

1.15 (1.03–1.28)

1.37 (1.21–1.55)

0.93 (0.79–1.09)

1.17 (1.03–1.33)

1.62 (1.43–1.82)

High

 

0.90 (0.79–1.02)

1.32 (1.18–1.49)

1.77 (1.57–2.00)

1.06 (0.91–1.25)

1.42 (1.25–1.61)

2.10 (1.87–2.36)

Highest

 

0.90 (0.77–1.04)

1.52 (1.34–1.72)

2.26 (1.92–2.67)

0.90 (0.74–1.08)

1.88 (1.63–2.16)

2.48 (1.17–2.84)

 

No comorbidity#

      

Lowest

 

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Low

 

1.15 (0.93–1.41)

1.22 (1.00–1.49)

1.32 (1.04–1.66)

1.17 (1.00–1.36)

1.10 (0.96–1.26)

1.40 (1.23–1.58)

Middle

 

1.01 (0.84–1.22)

1.10 (0.93–1.31)

1.66 (1.34–2.07)

0.98 (0.81–1.19)

1.23 (1.04–1.45)

1.75 (1.51–2.03)

High

 

0.97 (0.79–1.20)

1.31 (1.08–1.59)

2.33 (1.88–2.87)

1.19 (0.97–1.47)

1.62 (1.37–1.91)

2.64 (2.29–3.02)

Highest

 

1.18 (0.90–1.55)

1.44 (1.14–1.81)

3.22 (2.29–4.53)

1.01 (0.79–1.30)

2.46 (2.00–3.02)

2.90 (2.44–3.45)

 

Comorbidity#

      

Lowest

 

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Low

 

0.91 (0.75–1.10)

1.18 (0.99–1.41)

1.20 (1.00–1.43)

0.95 (0.74–1.21)

1.01 (0.84–1.22)

1.20 (0.99–1.44)

Middle

 

0.90 (0.77–1.05)

1.18 (1.02–1.36)

1.23 (1.05–1.43)

0.84 (0.64–1.11)

1.09 (0.89–1.34)

1.39 (1.13–1.70)

High

 

0.86 (0.73–1.01)

1.34 (1.16–1.55)

1.57 (1.33–1.84)

0.89 (0.69–1.16)

1.16 (0.95–1.43)

1.25 (1.01–1.54)

Highest

 

0.80 (0.67–0.95)

1.57 (1.35–1.82)

2.05 (1.69–2.47)

0.77 (0.58–1.02)

1.37 (1.12–1.67)

2.02 (1.58–2.58)

  1. #Based on Charlson Comorbidity Score with score of 0 classified as no comorbidity and scores 1+ as comorbidity present