Table 1 The AAPC and APC in age-standardized rate of incidence, prevalence, and DALYs for five major musculoskeletal disorders

 Rheumatoid arthritis

1990–2017

0.93 (0.86 to 1.00)*

1990–2017

0.88 (0.83 to 0.93)*

1990–2017

0.20 (0.07 to 0.34)*

 Osteoarthritis

0.14 (0.09 to 0.18)*

0.24 (0.19 to 0.30)*

0.26 (0.20 to 0.31)*

 Low back pain

− 0.91 (− 0.94 to − 0.89)*

− 0.96 (− 0.98 to − 0.93)*

− 0.96 (− 0.98 to − 0.93)*

 Neck pain

0.07 (0.06 to 0.08)*

0.08 (0.08 to 0.09)*

0.09 (0.07 to 0.12)*

 Gout

0.23 (0.21 to 0.24)*

0.25 (0.23 to 0.27)*

0.25 (0.23 to 0.27)*

 Rheumatoid arthritis

1990–2000

0.92 (0.86 to 0.98)*

1990–2000

0.79 (0.75 to 0.83)*

1990–1995

− 1.19 (− 1.85 to − 0.52)*

2000–2005

− 0.81 (− 1.05 to − 0.56)*

2000–2005

− 1.00 (− 1.17 to − 0.83)*

1995–2007

0.39 (0.19 to 0.60)*

2005–2010

3.14 (2.88 to 3.40)*

2005–2010

3.26 (3.07 to 3.45)*

2007–2010

1.43 (− 1.68 to 4.63)

2010–2017

0.64 (0.53 to 0.75)*

2010–2017

0.69 (0.61 to 0.77)*

2010–2017

0.18 (− 0.26 to 0.63)

 Osteoarthritis

1990–1998

0.35 (0.28 to 0.42)*

1990–1998

0.37 (0.30 to 0.44)*

1990–1998

0.41 (0.34 to 0.48)*

1998–2005

1.52 (1.42 to 1.63)*

1998–2005

1.60 (1.49 to 1.72)*

1998–2005

1.61 (1.50 to 1.72)*

2005–2010

−1.80 (−1.98 to − 1.61)*

2005–2010

−1.27 (− 1.47 to − 1.06)*

2005–2010

− 1.28 (− 1.48 to − 1.08)*

2010–2017

− 0.09 (− 0.17 to − 0.02)*

2010–2017

− 0.17 (− 0.25 to − 0.09)*

2010–2017

− 0.16 (− 0.25 to − 0.07)*

 Low back pain

1990–1994

− 4.50 (− 4.61 to − 4.40)*

1990–1994

− 4.71 (− 4.81 to − 4.60)*

1990–1994

− 4.74 (− 4.84 to − 4.64)*

1994–2001

− 0.33 (− 0.38 to − 0.28)*

1994–2001

− 0.36 (− 0.41 to − 0.31)*

1994–2001

− 0.32 (− 0.38 to − 0.26)*

2001–2008

− 0.42 (− 0.47 to − 0.36)*

2001–2009

− 0.42 (− 0.46 to − 0.38)*

2001–2009

− 0.44 (− 0.49 to − 0.40)*

2008–2017

− 0.12 (− 0.15 to − 0.09)*

2009–2017

− 0.09 (− 0.13 to − 0.06)*

2009–2017

− 0.09 (− 0.13 to − 0.05)*

 Neck pain

1990–1996

0.02 (0.00 to 0.04)*

1990–1996

0.03 (0.01 to 0.04)*

1990–1993

0.03 (− 0.07 to 0.12)

1996–2004

0.35 (0.33 to 0.36)*

1996–2001

0.48 (0.45 to 0.51)*

1993–1996

0.09 (−0.10 to 0.28)

2004–2007

0.06 (−0.04 to 0.16)

2001–2005

0.52 (0.48 to 0.57)*

1996–2005

0.50 (0.48 to 0.52)*

2007–2017

− 0.12 (− 0.12 to − 0.11)*

2005–2017

− 0.20 (− 0.20 to − 0.19)*

2005–2017

− 0.20 (− 0.21 to − 0.19)*

 Gout

1990–2000

0.05 (0.03 to 0.06)*

1990–2000

0.08 (0.06 to 0.09)*

1990–2000

0.12 (0.10 to 0.14)*

2000–2005

0.41 (0.34 to 0.47)*

2000–2005

0.43 (0.36 to 0.50)*

2000–2005

0.37 (0.29 to 0.45)*

2005–2012

0.22 (0.18 to 0.25)*

2005–2012

0.21 (0.18 to 0.25)*

2005–2012

0.18 (0.14 to 0.22)*

2012–2017

0.41 (0.36 to 0.46)*

2012–2017

0.47 (0.42 to 0.52)*

2012–2017

0.50 (0.45 to 0.55)*