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Fig. 1 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 1

From: Investigating the relationships between unfavourable habitual sleep and metabolomic traits: evidence from multi-cohort multivariable regression and Mendelian randomization analyses

Fig. 1

IVW Mendelian randomization estimates and age-, sex-, and BMI-adjusted multivariable regression estimates for the associations between insomnia symptoms and 113 NMR-derived metabolomic measures. Results are expressed as the difference in mean metabolite concentrations (in standard deviation units) between those reporting usually versus sometimes/rarely/never experiencing insomnia symptoms. Abbreviations: AMV, adjusted (age, sex, BMI) multivariable regression; BMI, body mass index; IDL, intermediate density lipoprotein; IVW MR, Inverse variance weighted Mendelian randomization; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; VLDL, very large density lipoprotein

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BMC Medicine

ISSN: 1741-7015

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