Variables | Crude model a | Adjusted model a, b | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β (coefficient) | P value | 95% CI | β (coefficient) | P value | 95% CI | |||
Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | |||||
Single-group (all hospitals) | Maximum lag: 4 | Maximum lag: 4 | ||||||
 Baseline intercept (β0) | 7.61 | < 0.001 | 7.02 | 8.19 | 23.85 | 0.001 | 10.02 | 37.68 |
 Baseline slope (β1) | 0.04 | < 0.001 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.15 | 0.010 | 0.03 | 0.26 |
 Intercept change (post-intervention) (β2) | 2.77 | < 0.001 | 1.39 | 4.15 | 1.35 | 0.101 | − 0.27 | 2.96 |
 Slope change (post-intervention) (β3) | 0.48 | < 0.001 | 0.41 | 0.56 | 0.46 | < 0.001 | 0.33 | 0.59 |
Single-group (pilot hospitals) | Maximum lag: 5 | Maximum lag: 4 | ||||||
 Baseline intercept (β0) | 12.82 | < 0.001 | 11.85 | 13.80 | 24.73 | 0.011 | 5.72 | 43.75 |
 Baseline slope (β1) | 0.03 | 0.029 | 0.00 | 0.06 | 0.14 | 0.055 | 0.00 | 0.27 |
 Intercept change (post-intervention) (β2) | 2.65 | 0.005 | 0.83 | 4.46 | 1.54 | 0.129 | − 0.46 | 3.54 |
 Slope change (post-intervention) (β3) | 0.63 | < 0.001 | 0.53 | 0.72 | 0.67 | < 0.001 | 0.50 | 0.84 |
Multiple-group (Pilot and non-pilot hospitals) | Maximum lag: 6 | Maximum lag: 5 | ||||||
 Baseline intercept of non-pilot hospitals (β0) | 4.64 | < 0.001 | 4.24 | 5.05 | 9.36 | 0.039 | 0.48 | 18.23 |
 Baseline slope of non-pilot hospitals (β1) | 0.03 | < 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.056 | 0.00 | 0.21 |
 Intercept change of non-pilot hospitals (post-intervention) (β2) | 2.47 | < 0.001 | 1.36 | 3.58 | 2.16 | < 0.001 | 1.02 | 3.30 |
 Slope change of non-pilot hospitals (post-intervention) (β3) | 0.38 | < 0.001 | 0.34 | 0.42 | 0.40 | < 0.001 | 0.30 | 0.49 |
 Difference of the intercept between pilot and non-pilot hospitals (prior-intervention) (β4) | 8.18 | < 0.001 | 7.1 | 9.26 | 13.01 | < 0.001 | 6.58 | 19.44 |
 Difference of the slope between pilot and non-pilot hospitals (prior-intervention) (β5) | 0.00 | 0.899 | − 0.03 | 0.03 | −0.01 | 0.578 | − 0.04 | 0.02 |
 Difference of the change of intercept immediately following intervention between pilot and non-pilot hospitals (β6) | 0.18 | 0.874 | − 2.02 | 2.38 | −0.28 | 0.808 | − 2.53 | 1.98 |
 Difference of the slope between pilot and non-pilot hospitals (post-intervention versus prior-intervention) (β7) | 0.25 | < 0.001 | 0.15 | 0.35 | 0.23 | 0.001 | 0.09 | 0.37 |