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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for the population defined within the study period (N = 60,094)

From: Associations between attainment of incentivised primary care indicators and incident diabetic retinopathy in England: a population-based historical cohort study

Variable

n or mean

% or SD

Age

67.48

12.66

Sex: female

26,893

44.75%

Ethnicity

 Asian

3401

5.66%

 Black

1251

2.08%

 Mixed

386

0.64%

 Other

680

1.13%

 White

50,011

83.22%

 Missing

4365

7.26%

IMD

 Score

10.25

5.58

 Missing

30

0.05%

Region

 North East

1511

2.51%

 North West

10,565

17.58%

 Yorkshire and The Humber

2310

3.84%

 East Midlands

1311

2.18%

 West Midlands

7163

11.92%

 East of England

6184

10.29%

 South West

8112

13.50%

 South Central

7352

12.23%

 London

7825

13.02%

 South East Coast

7761

12.91%

BMI

 Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2)

458

0.76%

 Ideal weight (≥ 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2)

8706

14.49%

 Overweight (≥ 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m2)

19,874

33.07%

 Obese (≥ 30.0 kg/m2)

30,337

50.48%

 Missing

719

1.20%

Never smoker

28,659

47.69%

Ex-smoker

22,540

37.51%

Current smoker

8782

14.61%

Smoking: missing

113

0.19%

Alcohol (units/week)

 0

9714

16.16%

 1–14

35,282

58.71%

 15–42

5947

9.90%

 > 42

1343

2.23%

 Missing

7808

12.99%

Number of comorbidities

2.30

1.63

Number of hospitalisations during 2010–2011

0.16

0.52

Duration of diabetes (years)

7.14

5.31

Number of diabetes complications

1.35

1.17

Number of GLT prescriptions within preceding 6 months

1.24

0.98

Insulin prescription within preceding 6 months (Y/N)

6210

10.33%

Number of prescriptions within preceding 6 months

7.43

8.59

  1. SD, standard deviation; IMD, index of multiple deprivation; BMI, body mass index; GLT, glucose-lowering therapy