Table 4 Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios (with corresponding 95% CIs and p values) for DR and STDR given NDA exposures after 1:1 propensity score matching, as well as adjusted sample sizes after propensity score matching (N) with corresponding outcome events by exposure group

Retinopathy

4–6 (vs. 0–3)

5438

309

282

1.14

0.97–1.33

0.1165

1.16

0.98–1.36

0.0793

7–9 (vs. 0–3)

14,052

968

831

1.13

1.03–1.24

0.0097

1.07

0.98–1.18

0.1378

7–9 (vs. 4–6)

5484

395

289

1.15

0.98–1.34

0.0818

1.15

0.98–1.35

0.0942

9 (vs. < 9)

49,602

3874

3220

1.02

0.97–1.07

0.4477

1.03

0.99–1.08

0.1703

Sight-threatening retinopathy

4–6 (vs. 0–3)

5438

40

39

1.10

0.71–1.69

0.6834

1.14

0.73–1.78

0.5715

7–9 (vs. 0–3)

14,052

84

120

0.75

0.57–0.98

0.0325

0.72

0.55–0.94

0.0166

7–9 (vs. 4–6)

5484

39

39

1.07

0.70–1.63

0.7669

1.14

0.73–1.78

0.5720

9 (vs. < 9)

49,602

357

351

0.85

0.74–0.99

0.0372

0.88

0.76–1.03

0.1083