Table 1 Baseline characteristics and disease severity markers at admission of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors users in discontinuation and continuation cohorts
RASIs discontinued N=340 (%) | RASIs continued N=285 (%) | Standardised difference | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex, Males | 213 (62.7) | 166 (58.3) | +0.09 | 0.26 |
Age, years, median (IQR) | 74 (65.5-82) | 75 (68-82) | −0.16 | 0.22 |
Baseline risk factors and comorbidities | ||||
Obesity | 57 (16.8) | 86 (30.2) | −0.32 | <0.001 |
Smoking | −0.09 | 0.76 | ||
Non-smoker | 129 (37.9) | 116 (40.7) | ||
Current smoker | 14 (4.1) | 15 (5.3) | ||
Past smoker | 102 (30.0) | 81 (28.4) | ||
Not recorded | 95 (27.9) | 73 (25.6) | ||
Hypertension | 332 (97.6) | 277 (97.2) | +0.03 | 0.72 |
Diabetes | 123 (36.2) | 111 (38.9) | −0.06 | 0.48 |
Dyslipidemia | 219 (64.4) | 193 67.7) | −0.07 | 0.38 |
Ischemic heart disease | 50 (14.7) | 49 (17.2) | −0.07 | 0.40 |
Heart failure | 29 (8.5) | 40 (14.0) | −0.17 | 0.03 |
Atrial fibrillation | 50 (14.7) | 49 (17.2) | −0.07 | 0.40 |
Thromboembolic disease | 11 (3.2) | 17 (6.0) | −0.13 | 0.10 |
Cerebrovascular accident | 18 (5.3) | 32 (11.2) | −0.22 | 0.01 |
COPD | 42 (12.4) | 38 (13.3) | −0.03 | 0.71 |
Asthma | 27 (7.9) | 20 (7.0) | +0.04 | 0.66 |
Cancer | ||||
Antecedents | 32 (9.4) | 30 (10.5) | −0.04 | 0.64 |
Current | 35 (10.3) | 32 (11.2) | −0.03 | 0.71 |
Chronic renal failure | 38 (11.2) | 34 (11.9) | −0.02 | 0.77 |
Treatment before admission | ||||
ACEIs | 172 (50.6) | 149 (52.3) | −0.03 | 0.67 |
ARBs | 170 (50.0) | 138 (48.4) | +0.03 | 0.69 |
AMRs | 11 (3.2) | 12 (4.2) | −0.05 | 0.52 |
CCBs | 115 (33.8) | 81 (28.4) | +0.12 | 0.15 |
Diuretics | 173 (50.9) | 157 (55.1) | −0.08 | 0.29 |
Beta-blockers | 81 (23.8) | 73 (25.6) | −0.04 | 0.60 |
Alpha-blockers | 20 (5.9) | 20 (7.0) | −0.05 | 0.56 |
Oral anticoagulants | 55 (16.2) | 59 (20.7) | −0.12 | 0.14 |
Antiplatelet agents | 93 (27.4) | 82 (28.8) | −0.03 | 0.69 |
NSAIDs | 29 (8.5) | 20 (7.0) | +0.06 | 0.48 |
Systemic corticosteroids | 25 (7.4) | 10 (3.5) | +0.17 | 0.04 |
Paracetamol | 177 (52.1) | 173 (60.7) | −0.17 | 0.03 |
Metamizole | 94 (27.6) | 74 (26.0) | +0.04 | 0.64 |
Statins | 173 (50.9) | 164 (57.5) | −0.13 | 0.10 |
Ezetimibe | 14 (4.1) | 12 (4.2) | −0.004 | 0.95 |
Glucose lowering drugs | 100 (29.4) | 94 (33.0) | −0.08 | 0.34 |
Insulin | 32 (9.4) | 37 (13.0) | −0.11 | 0.16 |
Hospital (row %) | ||||
HUPA | 136 (64.5) | 75 (35.6) | ||
HUG | 28 (23.5) | 91(76.5) | ||
HURyC | 56 (67.5) | 27 (32.5) | ||
HCDGU | 28 (41.2) | 40 (58.2) | - | <0.001 |
HCSC | 30 (46.2) | 35 (53.9) | ||
HULPr | 53 (93.0) | 4 (7.0) | ||
HUPHM | 9 (40.9) | 13 (59.1) | ||
Date of admission (row %) | ||||
March, 1–10 | 26 (32.1) | 55 (67.9) | ||
March, 11–20 | 219 (52.6) | 197 (47.4) | - | <0.001 |
March, 21–31 | 95 (74.2) | 33 (25.8) | ||
Disease severity at admission | ||||
Pneumonia | 319 (93.8) | 252 (88.4) | +0.19 | 0.02 |
Hypoxaemia* | 153 (45.0) | 116 (40.7) | +0.09 | 0.28 |
CRP** | 322 (94.7) | 271 (95.1) | −0.02 | 0.83 |
Troponin** | 21 (6.2) | 19 (6.7) | −0.02 | 0.80 |
D-dimer** | 184 (54.1) | 137 (48.1) | +0.12 | 0.13 |
Procalcitonin** | 140 (41.2) | 79 (27.7) | +0.29 | <0.001 |
NT-pro-BNP** | 42 (12.4) | 36 (12.6) | −0.01 | 0.92 |
Lymphopenia | 192 (56.5) | 162 (56.8) | −0.01 | 0.93 |
Severity score*** | ||||
0–1 | 39 (11.5) | 40 (14.0) | ||
2 | 66 (19.4) | 74 (26.0) | ||
3 | 109 (32.1) | 80 (28.1) | - | 0.16 |
4 | 80 (23.5) | 66 (23.2) | ||
5 | 39 (11.5) | 20 (7.0) | ||
6–7 | 7 (2.1) | 5 (1.8) | ||
Mean (SD) | 3.1 (1.2) | 2.9 (1.2) | +0.18 | 0.03 |