Promoting physical activity in a multi-ethnic population at high risk of diabetes: the 48-month PROPELS randomised controlled trial

Khunti, Kamlesh; Griffin, Simon; Brennan, Alan; Dallosso, Helen; Davies, Melanie J.; Eborall, Helen C.; Edwardson, Charlotte L.; Gray, Laura J.; Hardeman, Wendy; Heathcote, Laura; Henson, Joe; Pollard, Daniel; Sharp, Stephen J.; Sutton, Stephen; Troughton, Jacqui; Yates, Tom

doi:10.1186/s12916-021-01997-4

Table 3 Baseline and change values for objectively assessed physical activity and sedentary behaviour outcomes

From: Promoting physical activity in a multi-ethnic population at high risk of diabetes: the 48-month PROPELS randomised controlled trial

	Control			Walking Away			Walking Away Plus			Intervention effect 1^c (Walking Away vs Control)			Intervention effect 2^c (Walking Away vs Control)
	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	Difference	97.5% CI		Difference	97.5% CI
	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	Difference	Lower	Upper	Difference	Lower	Upper
Primary outcome
Total ambulatory activity (steps/day)^a
Baseline value	441	6885	3068	427	7264	3009	435	7353	3432
Change at 12 months	374	− 192	1680	319	− 2	2386	324	241	2270	264	− 70	597	547	211	882
Change at 48 months	373	− 385	2217	303	− 312.5	2499	317	− 296	2969	91	− 282	463	121	− 290	532
Secondary outcomes
Censored ambulatory activity (steps/day)^a
Baseline value	441	5369.5	2984.0	427	5643	2892	435	5765	3300
Change at 12 months	374	− 192	1633	319	− 7.0	2369	324	228	2247	240	− 90	570	531	201	861
Change at 48 months	373	− 337	2157	303	− 285	2469	317	− 235	2916	66	− 302	433	140	− 263	542
Time spent sedentary (min/day)^a
Baseline value	441	557.0	92.9	427	544.0	91.3	435	544.5	97.2
Change at 12 months	374	− 1.5	74.7	319	3.4	73.8	324	2.5	76.6	− 1.9	− 11.1	7.2	− 7.7	− 16.9	1.5
Change at 48 months	373	− 1.4	83.9	303	13.1	81.7	317	23.9	90.3	0.1	− 10.2	10.4	4.7	− 5.7	15.1
Time spent in light physical activity (mins/day)^a
Baseline value	441	293.3	80.7	427	310.9	85.7	435	309.0	88.9
Change at 12 months	374	− 7.3	52.3	319	− 10.8	58.8	324	− 7.0	58.8	0.9	− 7.4	9.3	4.4	− 4.1	13.0
Change at 48 months	373	− 14.5	64.5	303	− 15.4	67.7	317	− 21.0	65.2	− 0.1	− 9.8	9.6	− 5.7	− 15.3	4.0
Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (min/day)^a
Baseline value	441	29.8	24.7	427	31.4	25.7	435	32.1	27.6
Change at 12 months	374	− 1.2	15.2	319	− 0.2	22.2	324	1.7	20.2	1.3	− 1.7	4.3	3.5	0.6	6.5
Change at 48 months	373	− 2.4	19.2	303	− 2.3	23.8	317	− 1.0	24.7	0.5	− 2.8	3.7	1.6	− 1.9	5.0
Time spent sitting or lying down (min/day)^b
Baseline value	337	549.3	111.6	333	535.7	113.3	323	545.6	115.3
Change at 12 months	314	− 4.8	84.2	279	10.2	84.2	289	1.6	79.3	4.3	− 10.2	18.9	− 8.4	− 22.9	6.0
Change at 48 months	260	10.2	98.1	213	− 3.7	99.7	211	10.3	94.7	− 15.0	− 33.8	3.8	− 10.6	− 29.9	8.7
Time spent standing (min/day)^b
Baseline value	337	288.3	95.1	333	306.7	95.4	323	294.5	100.7
Change at 12 months	314	− 2.8	61.6	279	− 11.1	66.3	289	− 6.8	57.7	− 6.2	− 18.5	6.1	0.3	− 11.8	12.5
Change at 48 months	260	− 12.8	77.5	213	0.8	78.5	211	− 7.4	73.6	12.7	− 2.7	28.1	5.9	− 9.9	21.6
Time spent stepping (mins/day) ^b
Baseline value	337	106.0	38.1	333	115.3	38.5	323	111.5	43.4
Change at 12 months	314	− 1.4	22.8	279	0.9	29.3	289	4.8	27.3	2.4	− 2.8	7.6	8.5	3.3	13.7
Change at 48 months	260	− 3.7	28.9	213	− 3.2	28.7	211	− 3.7	37.1	2.2	− 4.3	8.6	4.8	− 2.5	12.0

^aData derived from waist worn accelerometer
^bData derived from thigh worn accelerometer
^cData adjusted for wear time at baseline, waking wear time at follow-up, number of valid days at baseline, number of valid days at follow-up, randomisation stratification variables (centre, ethnicity, sex), and baseline value. Bold indicates significance at p < 0.025

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