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Table 3 Subgroup analysis: estimate of adjusted difference in mean HbA1c (mmol/mol) at 12 months between treatment arms by age, sex, deprivation score, and body mass index subgroup

From: Effects of the Norfolk diabetes prevention lifestyle intervention (NDPS) on glycaemic control in screen-detected type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial

  INT-DPM vs INT p INT vs CONTROL p INT- DPM vs CONTROL p Combined intervention vs CONTROL p
Male −0.13 (−2.38, 2.13) 0.42 −3.78 (−6.81, −0.74) 0.1 −3.90 (−6.91, −0.89) 0.29 −3.84 (−6.18, −1.49) 0.09
Female −1.78 (−5.28, 1.72) 0.19 (−3.43, 3.82) −1.58 (−4.59, 1.43) −0.70 (−3.56, 2.17)
Age < 65 years −2.55 (−5.55, 0.46) 0.15 −3.46 (−7.53, 0.62) 0.24 −6.01 (−9.56, −2.46) 0.007 −4.76 (−7.75, −1.78) 0.02
Age ≥ 65 years 0.46 (−2.25, 3.16) −0.68 (−3.31, 1.96) −0.22 (−2.70, 2.25) −0.46 (−2.67, 1.75)
Deprivation quartile 1 (low) −1.1 (−4.43, 2.24) 0.27 0.58 (−2.53, 3.68) 0.41 −0.52 (−3.96, 2.93) 0.48 0.07 (−2.78,2.92) 0.42
Deprivation quartile 2 2.2 (−0.82, 5.22) −4.9 (−9.49, −0.31) −2.7 (−7.4, 2.0) −3.8 (−7.33, −0.27)
Deprivation quartile 3 −1.59 (−5.19, 2) −1.94 (−5.96, 2.08) −3.53 (−7.44, 0.37) −2.72 (−5.84, 0.41)
Deprivation quartile 4 (high) −3.29 (−9.34, 2.77) −1.84 (−8.73, 5.06) −5.13 (−10.23, −0.02) −3.55 (−8.55, 1.45)
aBody mass index quartile 1 (low) −0.21 (−3.06, 2.65) 0.34 −0.25 (−2.79, 2.28) 0.23 −0.46 (−3.1, 2.18) 0.35 −0.34 (−2.46, 1.78) 0.21
Body mass index quartile 2 −3.75 (−8.35, 0.85) 0.02 (−5.52, 5.55) −3.73 (−7.43, −0.03) −1.76 (−5.93, 2.41)
Body mass index quartile 3 1.01 (−3.69, 5.71) −3.27 (−8.6, 2.05) −2.26 (−6.68, 2.16) −2.64 (−6.5, 1.21)
Body mass index quartile 4 (high) −0.34 (−4.11, 3.43) −5.52 (−11.15, 0.1) −5.86 (−12.0, 0.31) −5.68 (−10.11, −1.25)
  1. Data are shown as effect size and 95% confidence interval, and the p value is for interaction within each subgroup (age, sex, deprivation score, and body mass index). Adjusted for baseline data