Increased habitual flavonoid intake predicts attenuation of cognitive ageing in twins

Table 3 Regional brain volumes stratified by high and low flavonoid subclass intake in 32 female twins aged 42–69 years

Brain regions	Subclass, mg/day	Low intake twins (n=16)	High intake twins (n=16)	P=
Brain regions	Subclass, mg/day	Mean (95% CI)	Mean (95% CI)
Left hippocampus standardised volumes	Flavanones	0.432 (0.421,0.443)	0.433 (0.418,0.447)	0.87
	Anthocyanins	0.428 (0.417,0.440)	0.437 (0.423,0.450)	0.01
	Proanthocyanidins	0.428 (0.416,0.440)	0.437 (0.424,0.450)	0.02
Right hippocampus standardised volumes	Flavanones	0.407 (0.395,0.419)	0.408 (0.395,0.422)	0.76
	Anthocyanins	0.408 (0.394,0.421)	0.408 (0.396,0.420)	0.90
	Proanthocyanidins	0.404 (0.391,0.418)	0.411 (0.400,0.422)	0.06
Left para-hippocampus standardised volumes	Flavanones	0.434 (0.424,0.443)	0.429 (0.417,0.441)	0.33
	Anthocyanins	0.426 (0.417,0.436)	0.436 (0.425,0.447)	0.03
	Proanthocyanidins	0.428 (0.418,0.438)	0.435 (0.423,0.446)	0.18
Right para-hippocampus standardised volumes	Flavanones	0.470 (0.458,0.481)	0.461 (0.448,0.474)	0.07
	Anthocyanins	0.467 (0.453,0.480)	0.464 (0.453,0.475)	0.61
	Proanthocyanidins	0.466 (0.454,0.478)	0.464 (0.451,0.477)	0.72

Values are adjusted means (95% CI), n = 32. Means were adjusted for age (years) and highest education level (no qualifications; O-Level, GCSE, NVQ2/SVQ2, or Scottish Intermediate; Scottish Higher, NVQ3, city and guilds, Pitman, A Level, Scottish Advanced Higher or higher vocational training; university degree, postgraduate degree, NVQ5 or SVQ5). Volumes are standardised for intracranial volume and brain folding during processing

ISSN: 1741-7015