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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the entire study population stratified by sex (N = 8952)

From: Renal function and lipid metabolism are major predictors of circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness—the LIFE-Adult Study

 

Female subjects

Male subjects

Total, N

4665

4287

Age (years)

57.0 ± 12.2

57.9 ± 12.6*

Diabetes, N (%)

521 (11.2)

722 (16.8)*

Smoker, N (%)

910 (19.5)

965 (22.5)*

Hypertension, N (%)

2094 (44.9)

2350 (54.8)*

Statin therapy, N (%)

423 (9.1)

707 (16.5)*

CKD risk groups, N (%)

 Low CKD risk

3911 (83.8)

3526 (82.2)*

 Moderate CKD risk

518 (11.1)

506 (11.8)

 High CKD risk

117 (2.5)

144 (3.4)*

 Very high CKD risk

42 (0.9)

53 (1.2)

BMI (kg/m2)

27.1 ± 5.4

27.6 ± 4.2*

WHR

0.9 ± 0.1

1.0 ± 0.1*

SBP (mmHg)

125.1 ± 17.2

131.7 ± 15.5*

DBP (mmHg)

73.9 ± 9.6

76.7 ± 9.9*

Cystatin C (mg/l)

0.9 ± 0.2

1.0 ± 0.2*

eGFRCys (ml/min per 1.73m2)

86.0 ± 19.1

86.8 ± 20.2

Urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (mg/g)

18.6 ± 118.6

29.6 ± 214.4*

Fasting glucose (mmol/l)

5.5 ± 1.1

5.9 ± 1.2*

Fasting insulin (pmol/l)

62.6 ± 113.7

70.6 ± 54.6*

HbA1c (%)

5.4 ± 0.5

5.4 ± 0.6*

Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

5.7 ± 1.1

5.4 ± 1.1*

HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

1.8 ± 0.5

1.4 ± 0.4*

Non-HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

3.9 ± 1.1

4.0 ± 1.1*

LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

3.5 ± 1.0

3.5 ± 1.0

TG (mmol/l)

1.2 ± 0.7

1.6 ± 1.3*

ApoA1 (g/l)

1.8 ± 0.3

1.5 ± 0.2*

ApoB (g/l)

1.1 ± 0.3

1.1 ± 0.3*

Lp(a) (g/l)

0.2 ± 0.3

0.2 ± 0.3*

hsCRP (mg/l)

3.1 ± 6.1

2.5 ± 4.7*

IL-6 (ng/l)

3.5 ± 4.7

3.8 ± 4.9*

ALAT (μkat/l)

0.4 ± 0.2

0.5 ± 0.3*

ASAT (μkat/l)

0.4 ± 0.1

0.5 ± 0.2*

AP (μkat/l)

1.2 ± 0.4

1.1 ± 0.3

GGT (μkat/l)

0.5 ± 0.6

0.8 ± 0.9*

  1. Values for mean ± standard deviation or total number (percentage) are shown. p values were assessed by the t test or chi-squared test and corrected for multiple testing based on the false discovery rate method. *p < 0.05 for female vs. male subjects
  2. ALAT, alanine aminotransferase; AP, alkaline phosphatase; ApoA1, apolipoprotein A1; ApoB, apolipoprotein B; ASAT, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFRCys, cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate; GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin A1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; IL, interleukin; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; Lp(a), lipoprotein(a); SBP, systolic blood pressure; TG, triglycerides; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio