Allergy-related diseases in childhood and risk for abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders at 16 years—a birth cohort study

Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics between children with vs. without any AP-FGID and IBS at 16y

	No AP-FGID n = 2594	Any AP-FGID n = 355		IBS n = 176
	n/n (%)	n/n (%)	p value ^a	n/n (%)	p value ^a
Male sex	1347/2594 (51.9)	115/355 (32.4)	< 0.001	64/176 (36.4)	< 0.001
Premature birth (< 37 weeks)	146/2594 (5.6)	19/355 (5.4)	0.83	10/176 (5.7)	0.98
Maternal age ≤ 25 years	184/2593 (7.1)	33/355 (9.3)	0.14	18/176 (10.2)	0.12
Low birth weight < 2600 g	123/2568 (4.8)	17/353 (4.8)	0.98	7/174 (4.0)	0.65
Exclusive breastfeeding ≥ 4 months	2041/2538 (80.4)	278/347 (80.1)	0.89	133/170 (78.2)	0.49
Older siblings	1219/2594 (47.0)	165/355 (46.5)	0.86	83/176 (47.2)	0.97
Second hand smoke ^b	517/2578 (20.1)	75/353 (21.2)	0.60	42/175 (24.0)	0.21
Maternal smoking during pregnancy ^c	317/2593 (12.2)	42/355 (11.8)	0.83	17/176 (9.7)	0.31
Socioeconomic status of the household
Blue/lower white-collar worker, other ^d	780/2584 (30.2)	124/355 (34.9)	0.12	61/176 (34.7)	0.28
Medium white-collar worker ^e	760/2548 (29.4)	105/355 (29.6)		54/176 (30.7)
Higher white-collar worker (at least one parent) ^f	1044/2548 (40.4)	126/355 (35.5)		61/176 (34.7)
At least one parent has a university/college degree	1453/2572 (56.5)	180/352 (51.1)	0.06	90/174 (51.7)	0.22

^aPearson’s chi-squared test. Statistically significant differences (between children with no AP-FGID at 16 years vs. children with any AP-FGID or IBS at 16 years respectively) are shown in bold text
^bAny parent smoked ≥ 1 cigarette/day at the time of the baseline questionnaire
^cMother smoked ≥ 1 cigarette/day during pregnancy
^dBlue/lower white collar worker include jobs with a normal requirement of ≤ 3 years of education after 9 years of elementary school; other includes students, housewife/man, person on disability pension, and unemployed
^eInclude jobs with a normal requirement of ≥ 3 but ≤ 6 years of education after 9 years of elementary school
^fInclude jobs with a normal requirement of ≥ 6 years of education after 9 years of elementary school
Abbreviations: AP-FGID, abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorder; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; N, number

ISSN: 1741-7015