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Fig. 5 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 5

From: The effects of selected inhibitors on human fetal adrenal steroidogenesis differs under basal and ACTH-stimulated conditions

Fig. 5

Effects of Efavirenz inhibition on classic steroidogenesis in human fetal adrenals. Effects of Efavirenz (10 μM) on HFA tissue cultured ex vivo for 14 days under basal and ACTH-stimulated conditions. a Quantification of androgens, glucocorticoids, and steroidogenic intermediate concentrations presented as a ratio relative to the mean of vehicle controls (indicated by dotted lines). Affected enzyme activity reflected by CYP21A2 (b) and CYP17A1 (c) product/substrate ratios of measured steroids relative to the mean of vehicle controls. d General treatment effect reflected by ratios representing changes in androstenedione/corticosteroids downstream the mineralocorticoid (corticosterone) and glucocorticoid (cortisol) pathways. Media was pooled from 1 to 13 tissue fragments per treatment depending on the initial size of half of the adrenal gland. Values represent geometric mean with 95% CI, n = 8 (fetuses). Significant difference compared with vehicle controls from the same fetus were based on ln-transformed data using repeated measures one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. (*) indicate differences compared with vehicle controls, (¤) indicate differences compared with ACTH treatment. *p < 0.05, **/¤¤p < 0.01, ***/¤¤¤p < 0.001, ****/¤¤¤¤P < 0.0001. DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate

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