Patient and health provider costs of integrated HIV, diabetes and hypertension ambulatory health services in low-income settings — an empirical socio-economic cohort study in Tanzania and Uganda

Table 6 Relative facility efficiency scores on the delivery of integrated care for people with HIV, diabetes and/or hypertension. Values are given as means and ranges in parentheses

Clinic	Inputs			Outputs			Relative Efficiency
	Staff			Drug availability^a	Staff workload (per 1000 patient visits)^b	Number of laboratory tests per patient^c
	Doctors	Nurses	Other staff	Drug availability^a	Staff workload (per 1000 patient visits)^b	Number of laboratory tests per patient^c
Overall	3 (0–8)	4 (1–11)	6 (2–16)	0.82 (0.01–1.00)	0.39 (0.13–1.36)	0.61 (0.00–1.81)	0.86 (0.30–1.00)
HIV	3 (2–5)	3 (2–6)	4 (2–6)	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.30 (0.23–0.44)	0.91 (0.25–1.81)	0.89 (0.35–1.00)
NCD	1 (0–3)	2 (1–5)	6 (2–14)	0.68 (0.40–1.00)	0.48 (0.19–1.11)	0.30 (0.09–0.63)	1.00 (1.00–1.00)
OPD	5 (3–8)	7 (4–11)	9 (3–16)	0.60 (0.01–1.00)	0.47 (0.13–1.36)	0.33 (0.00–1.47)	0.68 (0.30–1.00)

NCD non-communicable disease, OPD outpatient department
Other staff: this includes laboratory personnel and pharmacists
^aDrug availability — defined as the proportion of patients who get free drugs from the facilities before stock-outs occur
^bStaff workload — the number of full-time staff divided by the number of daily patient visits
^cNumber of laboratory tests per patient — the number of laboratory tests divided by the number of patients’ visits

ISSN: 1741-7015