Fig. 2

Metabolites associated with intensive lactation at baseline and follow-up. A Number of differentially expressed metabolites associated with lactation intensity in each class. Red indicates significantly upregulated metabolites whereas blue indicates significantly downregulated, and grey denotes no significant change. Significance was indicated by FDR < 0.05. B Bubble plot showing significantly differentially expressed metabolites (FDR < 0.002) associated with lactation intensity in each class at baseline. Red points indicate upregulation and blue points denote downregulation. The value of -log10 FDR of each metabolite is shown in the bubble. C Comparison of the log2 FC of the significantly differentially expressed metabolites identified at baseline and follow-up