Table 2 Associations of maternal ferritin at first antenatal visit with birthweight, low birthweight (n = 1840), small-for-gestational age, and preterm birth (n = 1208), overall and stratified by malaria prevention regimen. Madang Province, Papua New Guinea, 2009–2013

 Iron stores (measured by ferritin) (log₂) μg/L

−11 (−27, 6); 0.19

−26 (−50, −1); 0.041

9 (−13, 31); 0.45

0.041

 Iron deficiency

  Ferritin <15 μg/L

46 (−0.4, 92); 0.052

81 (10, 152); 0.025

6 (−54; 66); 0.845

0.11

  Ferritin ≥15 μg/L

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Adjusted OR (95% CI); P

Adjusted OR (95% CI); P

Adjusted OR (95% CI); P

 Iron stores (measured by ferritin) (log₂) μg/L

1.00 (0.90, 1.11); 0.99

1.15 (1.00, 1.32); 0.050

0.80 (0.67, 0.94); 0.009

0.001

 Iron deficiency

  Ferritin <15 μg/L

0.86 (0.64, 1.15); 0.31

0.73 (0.49, 1.08); 0.12

1.10 (0.70, 1.73); 0.69

0.18

  Ferritin ≥15 μg/L

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Preterm birth (<37 weeks)

SPCQ (n = 586)

SPAZ (n = 622)

 Iron stores (measured by ferritin) (log₂) μg/L

1.03 (0.87, 1.20); 0.77

1.03 (0.84, 1.27); 0.79

0.98 (0.75, 1.28); 0.87

0.91

 Iron deficiency

  Ferritin <15 μg/L

0.85 (0.54, 1.34); 0.48

0.94 (0.51, 1.73); 0.84

0.82 (0.40, 1.65); 0.57

0.62

  Ferritin ≥15 μg/L

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 Iron stores (measured by ferritin) (log₂) μg/L

1.11 (0.99, 1.24); 0.066

1.25 (1.06, 1.46); 0.007

0.98 (0.84, 1.15); 0.80

0.02

 Iron deficiency

  Ferritin <15 μg/L

0.79 (0.59, 1.07); 0.12

0.67 (0.44, 1.04); 0.072

0.91 (0.60, 1.40); 0.77

0.19

  Ferritin ≥15 μg/L

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