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Table 1 Characteristics of participants with genetic information in CKB and UKB

From: Modification effect of ideal cardiovascular health metrics on genetic association with incident heart failure in the China Kadoorie Biobank and the UK Biobank

No. (%)a

CKB

UKB

Characteristic

No incident HF (n = 94,563)

Incident HF (n = 1 451)

No incident HF (n = 332,613)

Incident HF (n = 3169)

Age, mean (SD), y

52.7 (10.9)

62.7 (8.9)

56.0 (8.1)

61.8 (6.2)

Sex

 Male

40,395 (42.7)

691 (47.6)

152,147 (45.7)

2030 (64.1)

 Female

54,168 (57.3)

760 (52.4)

180,466 (54.3)

1136 (35.9)

Socioeconomic statusb

 Low

29,435 (31.1)

656 (45.2)

66,262 (19.9)

879 (27.8)

 Intermediate

28,261 (29.9)

369 (25.4)

199,545 (60.0)

1739 (54.9)

 High

36,867 (39.0)

426 (29.4)

66,806 (20.1)

548 (17.3)

Healthy lifestyle factors

 Currently not smoking

65,152 (68.9)

864 (59.6)

298,678 (89.8)

2635 (83.2)

 Not excessive drinking

87,302 (92.3)

1346 (92.8)

165,902 (49.9)

1965 (62.1)

 Active physical activity

44,662 (47.2)

490 (33.8)

239,307 (72.0)

351 (11.1)

 Healthy diet

6264 (6.6)

75 (5.2)

289,401 (87.0)

1365 (43.1)

 Normal BMI and WC

47,306 (50.0)

708 (48.8)

109,555 (32.9)

608 (19.2)

Optimal cardiometabolic factors

 Ideal blood pressure

25,319 (26.8)

192 (13.2)

40,554 (12.2)

179 (5.7)

 Ideal blood glucose

82,566 (87.3)

1191 (82.1)

285,859 (85.9)

2327 (73.5)

 Ideal blood lipid

94,429 (99.9)

1445 (99.6)

106,983 (32.2)

1391 (43.9)

ICVHMs

    

 Unfavorable

2267 (2.4)

62 (4.3)

14,171 (4.3)

735 (23.2)

 Intermediate

66,034 (69.8)

1184 (81.6)

239,771 (72.1)

939 (29.7)

 Favorable

26,262 (27.8)

205 (14.1)

78,671 (23.7)

881 (27.8)

Weighted genetic risk categoryc

 Low

40,176 (42.5)

590 (40.7)

118,849 (35.7)

1056 (33.3)

 Intermediate

23,117 (24.5)

340 (23.4)

116,045 (34.9)

1122 (35.4)

 High

31,270 (33.1)

521 (35.9)

97,719 (29.4)

988 (31.2)

  1. SD standard deviation, BMI body mass index, WC waist circumstance, ICVHMs ideal cardiovascular health metrics
  2. aPercentages may not sum to 100 because of rounding
  3. bSocioeconomic status in CKB means annual income <10,000, 10,000–19,999, and ≥ 20 000 yuan. Socioeconomic status in UKB assessed with the Townsend deprivation index, which combines information on social class, employment, car availability, and housing
  4. cGenetic risk categories were defined according to a weighted polygenic risk score as low (lowest tertile), intermediate (intermediate tertile), and high (highest tertile)