Table 3 Epidemiological estimates by HIV status, Kenya and Blantyre. TB incidence, case detection ratio, and smear-stratified symptom duration by HIV status for Kenya and Blantyre, Malawi
| Â | Kenya | Blantyre | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HIV status | Non-HIV | PLHIV | Non-HIV | PLHIV | Â | |
Background mortality | μ | μ + HIV-related mortality | μ | μ + HIV-related mortality | ||
excess mortality for symptomatic TB | Smear−: 50%/10 years Smear+: 70%/10 years | 5% per month | Smear−: 50%/10 years Smear+: 70%/10 years | 5% per month | ||
All TB regardless of symptomatic or not | ||||||
 Time asymptomatic, month | 10.35 (8.41–12.84) | 3.81 (2.34–5.51) | 3.22 (1.99–4.75) | 8.79 (5.14–13.18) | 1.32 (0.31–3.04) | 1.15 (0.25–2.64) |
 Time bacteriologically positive, month | 20.90 (18.01–24.46) | 7.79 (5.78– 9.99) | 6.49 (4.94–8.11) | 16.27 (11.59–21.53) | 3.76 (1.81–6.07) | 3.26 (1.76–5.03) |
 Case-detection ratio | 69% (59–81%) | 84% (77–91%) | 71% (63–80%) | 76% (64–88%) | 94% (88–98%) | 84% (74–93%) |
 Incidence rate in 2019, per 100,000 | 263 (221–306) | 2025 (1873–2205) | 2403 (2142–2715) | 158 (132–192) | 1742 (1618–1879) | 1949 (1745–2217) |
All symptomatic TB | ||||||
 Time bacteriologically positive, month | 10.56 (8.86–12.48) | 3.99 (2.52–5.56) | 3.27 (2.16–4.40) | 7.47 (4.53–11.05) | 2.44 (1.00–4.25) | 2.11 (0.95–3.49) |
 Case-detection ratio | 83% (75–91%) | 90% (85–95%) | 76% (67–84%) | 88% (79–95%) | 95% (90–98%) | 85% (75–94%) |
 Incidence rate in 2019, per 100,000 | 218 (198–240) | 1882 (1791–2003) | 2260 (2025–2542) | 136 (121–155) | 1712 (1604–1831) | 1921 (1721–2177) |