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Table 3 Multivariable* odds ratios showing the association between foetal movement variables and late stillbirth by gestational age group

From: A better understanding of the association between maternal perception of foetal movements and late stillbirth—findings from an individual participant data meta-analysis

 

Very preterm (≤ 32 weeks)

Preterm (33–36 weeks)

Term (37+ weeks)

Cases, N = 114; controls, N = 323

Cases, N = 192; controls, N = 509

Cases, N = 401; controls, N = 897

Combined strength and frequency of foetal movements in the last 2 weeks

 Increased strength

0.04 (0.01, 0.15)

0.13 (0.07, 0.24)

0.29 (0.20, 0.43)

 Increased frequency but not strength

0.06 (0.01, 0.62)

0.79 (0.27, 2.27)

0.58 (0.26, 1.26)

 Decreased frequency

6.98 (1.63, 29.84)

3.48 (1.67, 7.23)

1.95 (1.33, 2.86)

 Unsure of strength or frequency

0.25 (0.04, 1.49)

1.38 (0.44, 4.37)

0.95 (0.50, 1.82)

 The same strength or frequency

1.00

1.00

1.00

Vigorous Foetal movements in the last 2 weeks

 Once

1.78 (0.50, 6.31)

2.56 (1.13, 5.83)

3.78 (2.35, 6.08)

 More than once

0.66 (0.23, 1.88)

0.63 (0.36, 1.11)

0.66 (0.46, 0.93)

 Never

1.00

1.00

1.00

Hiccups in the last 2 weeks

 Yes

0.61 (0.24, 1.58)

0.33 (0.19, 0.56)

0.39 (0.29, 0.55)

 No

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Unsure

0.83 (0.17, 3.91)

0.60 (0.21, 1.72)

0.98 (0.48, 1.98)

  1. *Analyses adjusted for all confounding variables used in the base model in table 2 except gestation (continuous)