Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants by alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level status (N = 367,612)
| Â | Normal (281,735) N (%) | Elevated (85,877) N (%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 52.5 (11.1) | 52.2 (10.1) | < 0.01 |
Sex, male | 128,266 (45.5) | 44,021 (51.3) | < 0.01 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 23.5 (6.6) | 25.4 (3.3) | < 0.01 |
Waist circumference, cm | 79.6 (8.6) | 84.6 (9.0) | < 0.01 |
Creatinine | 1.0 (1.1) | 1.0 (1.0) | 0.83 |
GGT, U/L | 20 (14-32) | 41 (25-75) | < 0.01 |
AST, U/L | 27.8 (8.5) | 37.1 (23.6) | < 0.01 |
Charlson comorbidity index | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | < 0.01 |
Diabetes | 30,807 (10.9) | 16,209 (18.9) | < 0.01 |
Hypertension | 84,112 (29.9) | 35,053 (40.8) | < 0.01 |
Hyperlipidemia | 111,175 (39.5) | 52,561 (61.2) | < 0.01 |
Alcohol amount |  |  | < 0.01 |
 None | 165,552 (58.8) | 49,312 (57.4) |  |
 Light | 70,075 (24.9) | 19,404 (22.6) |  |
 Moderate | 46,108 (16.4) | 17,161 (20.0) |  |
Smoking status |  |  | < 0.01 |
 Never | 183,564 (65.2) | 51,571 (60.1) |  |
 Ever | 97,720 (34.7) | 34,221 (39.8) |  |
 Unknown | 451 (0.2) | 85 (0.1) |  |
Residential area |  |  | < 0.01 |
 Metropolitan | 181,399 (64.4) | 54,553 (63.5) |  |
 Rural | 97,373 (34.6) | 30,437 (35.4) |  |
 Unknown | 2963 (1.1) | 887 (1.0) |  |
Income percentile |  |  | < 0.01 |
 ≤30th | 66,944 (23.8) | 19,454 (22.7) |  |
 >30th–≤70th | 94,719 (33.6) | 30,008 (34.9) |  |
 >70th | 117,626 (41.8) | 35,639 (41.5) |  |
 Unknown | 2446 (0.9) | 776 (0.9) |  |