By treatment group | Intervention group | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Physical activity, N class clusters = 11 (n children = 347) | Physical activity + MMNS, N class clusters = 11 (n children = 297) | MMNS, N class clusters = 11 (n children = 325) | Placebo, N class clusters = 12 (n children = 335) | |
Child characteristics | M (95% CI) | M (95% CI) | M (95% CI) | M (95% CI) |
Age at entry [means in years] | 8.75 (8.65–8.94) | 8.34 (8.18–8.50) | 8.18 (8.02–8.33) | 7.96 (7.81–8.11) |
Boys [n (%)] | 169 (49.4) | 151 (51.2) | 171 (53.6) | 176 (54.2) |
Anthropometric measures at baseline | ||||
Height | 127.38 (126.4–128.3) | 124.96 (123.9–126.0) | 123.71 (122.7–124.7) | 122.67 (121.6–123.6) |
Weight | 27.33 (26.61–28.05) | 25.55 (24.77–26.33) | 24.82 (24.07–25.57) | 23.76 (23.76–24.50) |
BMI | 16.45 (16.17–16.74) | 16.13 (15.83–16.43) | 16.05 (15.76–16.33) | 15.83 (15.34–15.91) |
Categories of malnutrition at baseline | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) |
Overweight or obesea,b | 53 (16.6) | 46 (16.3) | 49 (16.0) | 36 (12.4) |
Stuntedc | 29 (9.1) | 27 (9.5) | 25 (8.1) | 30 (9.3) |
Body composition | M (95% CI) | M (95% CI) | M (95% CI) | M (95% CI) |
Overall fat mass (kg) | 6.66 (6.32–6.99) | 5.89 (5.52–6.25) | 5.85 (5.05–6.21) | 5.33 (4.98–5.68) |
Overall fat-free mass (kg) | 20.67 (20.23–21.12) | 19.66 (19.18–20.15) | 18.96 (18.50–19.43) | 18.44 (17.97–18.90) |
Truncal fat mass (kg) | 3.12 (12.96–3.28) | 2.77 (2.60–2.94) | 2.78 (2.63–2.95) | 2.55 (2.40–2.71) |
Truncal fat-free mass (kg) | 13.00 (12.78–13.21) | 12.56 (12.32–12.80) | 12.27 (12.04–12.50) | 12.01 (11.80–12.23) |
Overall SES indexd | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) |
Category 1 | 101 (29.2) | 106 (35.7) | 107 (32.9) | 120 (35.8) |
Category 2 | 150 (43.2) | 131 (44.1) | 134 (41.2) | 137 (41.0) |
Category 3 | 96 (27.7) | 60 (20.2) | 84 (25.8) | 78 (23.3) |