Table 1 Characteristics of malaria admissions (1 month–14 years) by predicted PfPR_2–10 categories. Further details for each site-time period are provided in Additional file 2: Table S2

No. of sites (date range)

12 (2006–2021)

5 (2012–2021)

20 (2006–2021)

12 (2006–2021)

49 (2006–2021)

Site-time in months

447

158

736

371

1712

All-cause malaria

1431

1540

31885

17828

52684

Mean age months (95% CI)

49.5 (45.1, 55.4)

47.2 (43.5, 51.6)

41.7 (39.2, 44.5)

34.1 (30.4, 38.3)

42.1 (39.1, 45.2)

Age-specific probabilities (%)

 2–11 age in months (95% CI)

10.3 (8.8, 11.8)

11.1 (9.7, 12.4)

13.2 (12.1, 14.4)

17.4 (14.9, 20.2)

13.1 (11.8, 14.5)

 2–23 age in months (95% CI)

27.5 (24.0, 30.8)

29.2 (26.2, 32.1)

33.8 (31.3, 36.2)

42.0 (37.2, 47.1)

33.4 (30.8, 36.3)

 Under 5 years (95% CI)

69.4 (64.0, 73.8)

71.7 (67.4, 75.4)

77.3 (74.4, 79.9)

85.2 (80.9, 88.9)

76.9 (73.7, 79.9)

Mortality (95% CI);¶

n/N (no. of sites)

3.2% (2.3, 4.3)

45/1406 (12)

2.0% (1.4, 2.9)

31/1518 (5)

1.8% (1.7, 2.0)

532/28774 (20)

1.0% (0.9, 1.2)

166/16672 (12)

1.5% (1.4, 1.7)

744/48370 (49)

Severe malaria anaemia* (%)

n/N (no. of sites)

8.6%

115/1341 (12)

5.4%

66/1229 (5)

27.0%

3798/14088 (20)

14.8%

1281/8663 (12)

20.8%

5260/25321 (49)

Mean age months (95% CI)

44.6 (39.5, 50.6)

42.5 (38.1, 47.7)

37.7 (34.2, 41.5)

31.1 (27.4, 35.1)

39.0 (35.3, 42.7)

Age-specific probabilities (%)

 2–11 age in months (95% CI)

11.5 (9.4, 13.7)

12.3 (10.4, 14.5)

14.6 (12.7, 16.8)

19.1 (16.1, 22.6)

14.0 (12.2, 16.2)

 2–23 age in months (95% CI)

30.7 (26.2, 35.4)

32.5 (28.2, 36.9)

37.4 (33.3, 41.6)

45.9 (40.4, 51.7)

36.0 (32.3, 40.2)

 Under 5 years (95% CI)

74.5 (68.4, 79.8)

76.7 (71.3, 81.3)

81.8 (77.7, 85.5)

88.6 (84.5, 92.0)

80.3 (76.4, 84.2)

Mortality (95% CI);¶

n/N (no. of sites)

8.3% (3.9, 15.2)

9/108 (12)

9.5% (3.6, 19.6)

6/63 (5)

5.3% (4.5, 6.1)

170/3209 (20)

4.2% (3.1, 5.5)

49/1169 (12)

5.1% (4.5, 5.8)

234/4549 (49)

Respiratory distress (%)

n/N (no. of sites)

6.0%

85/1426 (12)

10.6%

162/1531 (5)

9.5%

2740/28808 (18)

4.8%

615/12884 (8)

8.1%

3602/44649 (43)

Mean age months (95% CI)

40.1 (35.2, 46.0)

38.1 (33.9, 43.4)

33.8 (30.3, 38.2)

27.9 (24.2, 32.4)

33.7 (30.3, 37.1)

Age-specific probabilities (%)

 2–11 age in months (95% CI)

13.4 (10.9, 16.1)

14.4 (11.9, 17.0)

17.0 (14.3, 19.8)

22.1 (18.1, 26.4)

17.2 (15.0, 19.8)

 2–23 age in months (95% CI)

34.8 (29.5, 40.3)

36.8 (31.6, 42.0)

42.0 (36.8, 47.0)

50.9 (44.0, 57.7)

42.2 (38.0, 47.0)

 Under 5 years (95% CI)

79.2 (73.0, 84.4)

81.2 (75.7, 85.8)

85.8 (81.2, 89.3)

91.6 (87.2, 94.6)

85.9 (82.3, 89.3)

Mortality (95% CI);¶

n/N (no. of sites)

12.9% (6.6, 22.0)

11/85 (11)

6.3% (3.1, 11.3)

10/158 (3)

6.1% (5.1, 7.1)

147/2427 (17)

5.8% (4.0, 8.1)

32/553 (8)

6.2% (5.4, 7.1)

200/3223 (39)

Cerebral malaria (%)

n/N (no. of sites)

4.2%

60/1423 (12)

5.3%

81/1530 (5)

3.1%

945/30494 (20)

0.6%

105/17052 (12)

2.4%

1191/50499 (49)

Mean age months (95% CI)

56.2 (49.0, 64.9)

53.5 (47.1, 61.1)

47.4 (42.1, 53.5)

39.1 (33.9, 45.1)

48.7 (43.3, 54.1)

Age-specific probabilities (%)

 2–11 age in months (95% CI)

8.1 (6.4, 10.0)

8.7 (7.0, 10.6)

10.5 (8.7, 12.5)

13.9 (11.2, 17.1)

10.1 (8.6, 12.1)

 2–23 age in months (95% CI)

22.8 (18.7, 27.3)

24.4 (20.3, 28.6)

28.4 (24.3, 32.9)

35.8 (30.1, 42.0)

27.6 (24.0, 31.9)

 Under 5 years (95% CI)

63.2 (55.9, 70.0)

65.6 (58.9, 71.9)

71.5 (65.6, 77.0)

80.3 (73.9, 85.8)

70.3 (65.0, 75.7)

Mortality (95% CI);¶

n/N (no. of sites)

13.3% (5.9, 24.6)

8/60 (9)

13.8% (7.1, 23.3)

11/80 (4)

13.7% (11.4, 16.2)

115/840 (17) 

14.4% (7.9, 23.4)

13/90 (11) 

13.7% (11.7, 15.9)

147/1070 (41)