Table 2 Details of included studies
First author | Year | Country | Number of patients | Mean age (range)* | Setting | PSA range | Stage/grade data | Reference test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abdrabo et al. [15] | 2011 | Sudan | 118 | 70 years (56–83) | One hospital urology clinic | 2.5–10 ng/mL | No | TRUS biopsy |
Agnihotri et al. [16] | 2014 | India | 875 biopsied (of 4702 patients) | 66 years (50–75) | One hospital urology clinic | Any | No | TRUS biopsy |
Aragona et al. [17] | 2005 | Italy | 3171 biopsied (of 16,298 patients) | 62 years (40–75) | 15 hospital urology clinics | Any | Clinical TNM staging | TRUS biopsy |
Chang et al. [18] | 2015 | Taiwan | 225 | PCa 72 years; BPH 67 years | One hospital urology clinic | Any | TNM stage and Gleason Score | TRUS biopsy |
Chavan et al. [19] | 2009 | India | 440 biopsied (of 922 patients) | 64 years (40–95) | One tertiary hospital urology clinic | Any | No | TRUS biopsy |
Galic et al. [20] | 2003 | Croatia | 88 biopsied (of 944 patients) | ≥ 50 years | Recruited from two villages to attend hospital clinic | Not stated | No | TRUS biopsy |
Hofer et al. [21] | 2000 | Germany | 188 | PCa 70 years; BPH 68 years | One hospital urology clinic | Any | No | TRUS biopsy/TURP/non-cancer surgery |
Lee et al. [22] | 2006 | Korea | 201 | 63 years | One hospital urology clinic | < 4 ng/mL | No | TRUS biopsy |
Magistro et al. [23] | 2020 | Germany | 1125 | 70 years | One hospital urology clinic | Any | TNM stage and Gleason Score | HoLEP (+ mpMRI with targeted and systemic biopsy for some patients) |
Meigs et al. [24] | 1996 | USA | 1524 | 50-79 years | One hospital urology clinic + two BPH study cohorts | Any | Clinical T stage | TRUS biopsy/TURP/non-cancer surgery |
Nordstrom et al. [25] | 2021 | Sweden | 1554 | 64 years (50–69) | Population-based screening study cohort | > 3 ng/mL | TNM stage and Gleason Score | TRUS biopsy |
Patel et al. [26] | 2009 | UK | 647 biopsied (of 3976 patients) | 65 years (15–91) | One hospital urology clinic | Any | No | TRUS biopsy |
Pepe et al. [27] | 2007 | Italy | 403 biopsied (of 13,294 patients) | 62 years (40–75) | Two hospital urology clinics | < 4 ng/mL | Pathological T stage | TRUS biopsy |
Rashid et al. [28] | 2012 | Bangladesh | 206 | > 50 years | One hospital urology clinic and one nursing home | > 2.5 ng/mL | No | TRUS biopsy |
Richie et al. [29] | 1993 | USA | 1167 biopsied (of 6630 patients) | 63 years (50–96) | Six medical centres | Any | TNM stage and Gleason Score | TRUS biopsy |
Seo et al. [30] | 2007 | Korea | 4967 | 66 years (40–96) | 25 hospital urology clinics | Any | No | TRUS biopsy |
Shahab et al. [31] | 2013 | Indonesia | 404 | 64 years (34–84) | One hospital urology clinic | Any | TNM stage and Gleason Score | TRUS biopsy |
Tauro et al. [32] | 2009 | India | 100 | 68 years | One hospital urology clinic | Any | No | TRUS biopsy |
Wymenga et al. [33] | 2000 | The Netherlands | 716 | Not reported | Two hospital urology clinics | Any | Clinical T stage | TRUS biopsy/TURP/prostatectomy |