Table 3 Associations of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

Total number of ACEs (per ACE)

11,967

2501 (21)

1.10 (1.08–1.12)

734 (6)

1.19 (1.15–1.22)

<0.001

 0

2756

319 (12)

Ref.

70 (3)

Ref.

–

 1

2628

453 (17)

1.45 (1.27–1.66)

98 (4)

1.37 (1.01–1.85)

0.516

 2

2003

429 (21)

1.77 (1.55–2.03)

97 (5)

1.71 (1.26–2.32)

0.706

 3

1468

370 (25)

2.03 (1.77–2.33)

95 (6)

2.15 (1.59–2.92)

0.570

 ≥4

3112

930 (30)

2.23 (1.97-2.53)

374 (12)

3.44 (2.63–4.50)

<0.001