Table 3 Relationship between the levels of risk from screening according to risk screening algorithm together with fall history in the past 1 year and chance of falling among elderly
Fall risk screening algorithms | Overall | Faller | Non-faller | Crude HR | 95% CI | Adjusted HRa | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | |||||||
Clinician’s 3 key questions (basing on the number of positive responses)b | ||||||||
0 point | 258 | 9 (3.5) | 249 (96.5) | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |
1 point | 57 | 13 (22.8) | 44 (77.2) | 7.29 | 3.12, 17.06 | 6.92 | 2.92, 16.40 | <0.001 |
≥2 points | 165 | 126 (76.4) | 39 (23.6) | 40.19 | 20.36, 79.31 | 40.35 | 20.28, 80.29 | <0.001 |
Clinician’s 3 key questions follow by history about the number and severity of previous fall | ||||||||
Low risk | 258 | 9 (3.5) | 249 (96.5) | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |
Moderate risk | 131 | 61 (46.6) | 70 (53.4) | 17.71 | 8.79, 35.68 | 18.32 | 9.01, 37.23 | <0.001 |
High risk | 91 | 78 (85.7) | 13 (14.3) | 52.48 | 26.18, 105.18 | 51.41 | 25.29, 104.50 | <0.001 |
Clinician’s 3 key questions & TUG | ||||||||
Low risk | 318 | 42 (13.2) | 276 (86.8) | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |
Moderate risk | 91 | 46 (50.6) | 45 (49.4) | 4.72 | 3.10, 7.18 | 4.75 | 3.08, 7.32 | <0.001 |
High risk | 71 | 60 (84.5) | 11 (15.5) | 11.82 | 7.92, 17.65 | 10.43 | 6.85, 15.90 | <0.001 |
Clinician’s 3 key questions & 30-s-Chair Stand | ||||||||
Low risk | 464 | 135 (29.1) | 329 (70.9) | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |
Moderate risk | 10 | 7 (70.0) | 3 (30.0) | 2.93 | 1.37, 6.27 | 3.02 | 1.36, 6.70 | 0.006 |
High risk | 6 | 6 (100.0) | 0 | 7.97 | 3.47, 18.30 | 4.49 | 1.86, 10.83 | <0.001 |
Clinician’s 3 key questions & 4-Stage balance test | ||||||||
Low risk | 471 | 141 (29.9) | 330 (70.1) | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |
Moderate risk | 6 | 4 (66.7) | 2 (33.3) | 2.40 | 0.89, 6.49 | 2.36 | 0.79, 7.08 | 0.124 |
High risk | 3 | 3 (100.0) | 0 | 5.68 | 1.80, 17.94 | 3.12 | 0.93, 10.46 | 0.066 |
Thai-SIB 12 items & TUG | ||||||||
Low risk | 359 | 56 (15.6) | 303 (84.4) | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |
Moderate risk | 69 | 40 (58.0) | 29 (42.0) | 5.12 | 3.41, 7.70 | 4.80 | 3.16, 7.29 | <0.001 |
High risk | 52 | 52 (100.0) | 0 | 16.03 | 10.76, 23.87 | 14.23 | 9.25, 21.88 | <0.001 |
Thai-SIB 12 items & 30-s-Chair Stand | ||||||||
Low risk | 465 | 137 (29.5) | 328 (70.5) | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |
Moderate risk | 9 | 5 (55.6) | 4 (44.4) | 2.20 | 0.90, 5.36 | 1.99 | 0.80, 4.95 | 0.137 |
High risk | 6 | 6 (100.0) | 0 | 7.83 | 3.41, 18.00 | 4.49 | 1.86, 10.83 | 0.001 |
Thai-SIB 12 items & 4-Stage balance test | ||||||||
Low risk | 471 | 142 (30.2) | 329 (69.8) | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | |
Moderate risk | 6 | 3 (50.0) | 3 (50.0) | 1.79 | 0.57, 5.61 | 1.37 | 0.42, 4.45 | 0.598 |
High risk | 3 | 3 (100.0) | 0 | 5.63 | 1.78, 17.81 | 3.13 | 0.93, 10.51 | 0.065 |