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Fig. 1 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 1

From: Predicting the earliest deviation in weight gain in the course towards manifest overweight in offspring exposed to obesity in pregnancy: a longitudinal cohort study

Fig. 1

Flow chart of the study populations. aDid not meet inclusion criteria for analysis, i.e., pre-conception obesity, overweight, or normal weight, full-term (≥37 weeks 0 days of gestation) singleton live birth, or absence of T1D/T2D. bIdentification of BMI growth clusters was not performed in the PEPO cohort due to limited offspring follow-up time points. BMI growth clusters identified in the PEACHES cohort were validated in the PEPO cohort. cMissing information on at least one of the potential prenatal and postnatal predictors including maternal pre-conception BMI group, total GWG, GDM, parity, smoking during pregnancy, sex, birth weight category for gestational age and sex, SES, breastfeeding status at 1, 3, and 6 months, and/or on offspring BMI status at the respective prediction time point. dExternal validation of prediction models at age 3 months was not performed due to unavailability of offspring BMI data at age 3 months in the PEPO cohort. BMI, body mass index; GDM, gestational diabetes; GWG, gestational weight gain; PEACHES, Programming of Enhanced Adiposity Risk in CHildhood–Early Screening; PEPO, PErinatal Prevention of Obesity; SES, socioeconomic status; T1D, type 1 diabetes; T2D, type 2 diabetes

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