Table 4 An analysis of educational and clinical risk factors for emergency presentations with self-harm (n=1020) amongst 113,543 adolescents aged 11–17 residing in South London using crude and multivariable cox-regression analyses

 Autism spectrum disorders

2015 (3.5)

11 (9.2)

2.73 (1.47–5.09)**

2.79 (1.40–5.57)**

434 (0.8)

<10 (<1·5)

0.57 (0.18–1.78)

0.52 (0.16–1.63)

 Learning difficulties (specific/moderate)

9418 (16.7)

28 (23.3)

1.44 (0.95–2.20)

1.07 (0.62–1.76)

6113 (10.9)

105 (16·3)

1.50 (1.22–1.85)**

0.99 (0.77–1.27)

 Learning difficulties (severe/profound)

840 (1.5)

<10 (<8.3)

0.55 (0.08–3.92)

0.39 (0.05–2.98)

444 (0.8)

<10 (<1·5)

0.38 (0.09–1.52)

0.40 (0.10–1·67)

 Behavioural, emotional, social

7235 (12.8)

39 (32.5)

3.14 (2.19–4.70)**

1.66 (1.02–2.73)*

3494 (6.2)

143 (22·1)

4.20 (3.48–5.05)**

2.31 (1.84–2.88)**

 Speech, language and communication

5086 (9.0)

11 (9.2)

1.06 (0.57–1.98)

0.99 (0.51–1.95)

2269 (4.1)

26 (4·0)

1.01 (0.68–1.50)

1.13 (0.74–1.72)

 Hearing, vision or physical disability

860 (1.5)

<10 (<8.3)

2.17 (0.80–5.89)

2.13 (0.77–5.85)

746 (1.3)

5 (0·8)

0.56 (0.23–1.34)

0.59 (0.25–1.42)

 English

41,482 (73.5)

100 (83.3)

Reference

Reference

40,652 (72.5)

508 (78.6)

Reference

Reference

 Other

13,942 (24.7)

11 (9.2)

0.33 (0.18–0.62)**

0.50 (0.25–0.98)*

14, 529 (25.9)

101 (15.6)

0.57 (0.46–0.70)**

0.77 (0.61–0.98)*

 Not disclosed

1038 (1.8)

<10 (<8.3)

4.14 (2.10–8.2)**

n/a

882 (1.6)

37 (5.7)

3.82 (2.74–5.35)**

1.72 (0.91–3.02)

 Lowest quintile

13,328 (24.4)

40 (33.3)

reference

Reference

10,586 (19.5)

174 (26.9)

Reference

Reference

 Second

10,713 (19.6)

26 (21.6)

0.80 (0.40–1.32)

1.07 (0.60–1.90)

10,672 (19.6)

135 (20.9)

0.78 (0.62–0.97)*

1.01 (0.78–1.29)

 Third

10,501 (19.2)

24 (20.0)

0.82 (0.49–1.36)

1.56 (0.87–2.78)

11,046 (20.3)

126 (19.5)

0.73 (0.58–0.92)**

1.18 (0.90–1.52)

 Fourth

10,437 (19.1)

14 (11.7)

0.50 (0.27–0.92)*

1.01 (0.50–2.09)

10,974 (20.2)

127 (19.7)

0.77 (0.61–0.97)*

1.35 (1.04–1.77)*

 Highest quintile

99689 (17.7)

16 (13.3)

0.73 (0.41–1.31)

1.75 (0.85–3.55)

11,112 (20.4)

84 (13.0)

0.55 (0.44–0.75)**

1.15 (0.85–1.57)

Less than 80% attendance^c

2676 (4.9)

29 (24.2)

6.50 (4.24–9.92)**

3.50 (2.16–5.70)**

2430 (4.5)

130 (20.1)

5.42 (4.50–6.58)**

2.84 (2.70–3.51)**

Fixed term exclusions^a

6054 (10.7)

32 (26.7)

2.88 (1.92–4.31)**

1.30 (0.78–2.15)

2696 (4.8)

120 (18.6)

4.41 (3.61–5.37)**

1.69 (1.32–2.15)**

 Summer birth (May-Aug)

19,615 (34.7)

47 (39·1)

1.21 (0.84–1.75)

1.23 (0.83–1.83)

19,104 (34.1)

222 (34·4)

1.02 (0.87–1.20)

1.02 (0.86–1.21)

 Free school meals ^a

13, 764 (24.4)

37 (30·8)

1.40 (0.95–2.05)

1.35 (0.87–2.10)

13,369 (22.1)

189 (29·3)

1.32 (1.11–1.56)**

1.22 (1.02–1.48)*

 Looked after Child status ^d

443 (0.8)

<10 (<8·3)

8.04 (3.75–17.3)**

3.18 (1.14–8.91)*

382 (0.7)

27 (4·3)

6.20 (4.22–9.12)**

3.16 (2.07–4.84)**

ICD-10 Hyperkinetic disorder

788 (1.4)

19 (15·8)

8.0 (5.0–12.8)**

4.36 (2.20–8.68)**

177 (0.3)

15 (1·8)

5.70 (3.42–9.50)**

3.58 (2.03–6.29)**