Table 2 Basic- and multi-adjusted hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of gout by lifestyle factors and genetic risks: results from Cox regression models
Factors | No. of event | IR (95% CI)a | Basic-adjusted HR (95% CI)b | Multi-adjusted HR (95% CI)c |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Genetic risk | ||||
 Low | 1423 | 0.83 (0.79–0.87) | 1.00 (Ref.) | 1.00 (Ref.) |
 Middle | 2165 | 1.30 (1.25–1.36) | 1.40 (1.31–1.50) | 1.44 (1.35–1.54) |
 High | 2618 | 1.70 (1.63–1.76) | 1.70 (1.59–1.81) | 1.77 (1.66–1.89) |
Lifestyle factors | ||||
 Alcohol consumption | ||||
  Excessive | 3144 | 1.61 (1.56–1.67) | 1.00 (Ref.) | 1.00 (Ref.) |
  Never/moderate | 3062 | 1.03 (0.99–1.07) | 0.64 (0.61–0.68) | 0.67 (0.63–0.70) |
 Smoking status | ||||
  Smoker | 3768 | 1.70 (1.64–1.75) | 1.00 (Ref.) | 1.00 (Ref.) |
  Non-smoker | 2438 | 0.90 (0.87–0.94) | 0.81 (0.76–0.85) | 0.89 (0.84–0.93) |
 Physical activity | ||||
  Inactive | 2977 | 1.44 (1.38–1.49) | 1.00 (Ref.) | 1.00 (Ref.) |
  Active | 3229 | 1.13 (1.10–1.17) | 0.84 (0.80–0.88) | 0.90 (0.86–0.95) |
 Diet | ||||
  Unhealthy | 3303 | 1.71 (1.65–1.77) | 1.00 (Ref.) | 1.00 (Ref.) |
  Healthy | 2903 | 0.97 (0.94–1.00) | 0.85 (0.81–0.90) | 0.90 (0.85–0.94) |