Features | Malaria (n = 131) | Tuberculosis (n = 120) | Enteric fever (n = 26) | Leptospirosis (n = 64) | Rickettsiosis (n = 38) | New HIV (n = 12) | Other diagnoses (n = 1531) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Symptoms | |||||||
Headache | 92 (70 ; 62–78) | 66 (55 ; 46–64) | 18 (69; 50–84) | 44 (69; 57–79) | 27 (71; 55–83) | 5 (42; 19–68) | 1002/1527 (66; 63–68) |
Myalgia | 29 (22; 16–30) | 13 (11; 6–18) | 3 (12; 4–29) | 17 (27; 17–38) | 9 (24; 13–39) | 4 (33; 14–61) | 509/1528 (33; 31–36) |
Cough | 32 (24; 18–32) | 110 (92; 85–95) | 9 (35; 19–54) | 31 (48; 37–60) | 15 (39; 26–55) | 6 (50; 25–75) | 750/1530 (49; 47–52) |
Dyspnea | 17 (13; 8–20) | 68 (57; 43–65) | 3 (12; 4–29) | 17 (27; 17–38) | 4/37 (11; 4–25) | 3 (25; 22–27) | 374/1521 (25; 22–27) |
Vomiting | 40 (31; 23–39) | 14 (12; 7–19) | 8 (31; 16–50) | 12 (19; 11–30) | 9 (24; 13–39) | 1 (8; 1–35) | 276/1530 (18; 16–20) |
Diarrhea | 5 (4; 2–9) | 19 (16; 10–23) | 11 (42; 26–61) | 6 (9; 4–19) | 3 (8; 3–21) | 3 (25; 9–53) | 231/1791 (13; 11–15) |
Abdominal pain | 86 (66; 57–73) | 35 (29; 22–38) | 15 (58; 39–74) | 20 (31; 21–43) | 10 (26; 15–42) | 4 (33; 14–61) | 681/1529 (45; 42–47) |
Weight loss | 60 (46; 38–55) | 104/114 (91; 85–95) | 14 (54; 35–71) | 34/61 (56; 43–67) | 14/27 (52; 34–69) | 9 (75; 47–91) | 857/1469 (58; 56–61) |
Signs | |||||||
Skin lesion or rash | 14 (11; 6–17) | 11 (9; 5–16) | 0 (0; 0–13) | 7 (11; 5–21) | 0 (0; 0–9) | 0 (0; 0–24) | 132/1530 (9; 7–10) |
Lymphadenopathies | 6 (5; 2–10) | 3 (3; 1–7) | 0 (0; 0–13) | 1 (1.5; 0–8) | 0 (0; 0–9) | 2 (17; 5–45) | 71 (5; 4–6) |
Abdominal tenderness | 36 (28; 21–36) | 29 (24; 17–33) | 10 (38; 22–57) | 17 (27; 17–38) | 5 (13; 6–27) | 4 (33; 14–61) | 479 (31; 24–34) |
Hepatomegaly | 12 (9; 5–15) | 5 (4; 2–9) | 2 (8; 2–24) | 2 (3; 1–11) | 6 (16; 7–30) | 0 (0; 0–24) | 144 (9; 8–11) |
Splenomegaly | 22 (17; 11–24) | 4 (3; 1–8) | 3 (12; 4–29) | 4 (6; 2–15) | 5 (13; 6–27) | 0 (0; 0–24) | 152 (10; 9–12) |
Jaundice | 9 (7; 4–13) | 2 (2; 0–6) | 1 (4; 1–19) | 4 (6; 2–15) | 2 (5; 1–17) | 0 (0; 0–24) | 73 (5; 4–6) |
Cachexia | 26 (20; 14–27) | 45 (38; 29–46) | 3 (12; 4–29) | 6 (9; 4–19) | 4 (11; 4–24) | 5 (42; 19–68) | 212/1530 (14; 12–16) |
Laboratory results | |||||||
Hemoglobin level < 10 g/dL) | 56 (43; 35–51) | 43 (36; 28–45) | 5 (19; 9–38) | 11 (17; 10–28) | 7/37 (19; 9–34) | 8 (67; 39–86) | 342/1522 (23; 21–25) |
WBC count > 10,000/μL | 15/106 (14; 9–22) | 54/117 (46; 37 – 55) | 1/23 (4; 1–21) | 21/63 (33; 23–46) | 10/36 (28; 16–44) | 2 (17; 5–45) | 377/1482 (25; 23–28) |
Elevated alanine aminotransferase | 15/130 (12; 7–18) | 38 (32; 24–40) | 18/25 (72; 52–89) | 22 (34; 24–47) | 23/34 (68; 51–81) | 1 (8; 1–35) | 313/1494 (21; 19–23) |
Raised creatinine level | 2/88 (2; 1–8) | 15/113 (13; 8–21) | 3/18 (17; 6–39) | 4/53 (8; 3–18) | 5/35 (14; 6–29) | 1/8 (12; 2–47) | 94/902 (10; 9–13) |
Protein (urine strip) | 40/128 (31; 24–40) | 24/110 (22; 15–30) | 12 (46; 29–65) | 7/61 (11; 6–22) | 5 (13; 6–27) | 4 (33; 14–61) | 330/1494 (22; 20–24) |