Fig. 1

Forest plot for binary outcomes, pooled ratio of ratios (RoR) for bodies of evidence from randomized controlled trials vs. cohort studies stratified by type of effect measure. CSs cohort studies, DDP-4 dipeptidyl peptidase 4, DHA docosahexaenoic acid, EPA eicosapentaenoic acid, HR hazard ratio, NSTE-ACS= non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome, OR odds ratio, RCTs randomized controlled trials, RHR ratio of hazard ratios, ROR ratio of odds ratios, RR risk ratio, RRR ratio of risk ratios, SGLT-2 sodium glucose transporter 2