Fig. 5

Differentially expressed genes in FMR1-deficient mice treated with Nutlin-3 were enriched for genes associated with regulation of adult neural stem cell niche. a Bubble plots for Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showing enriched terms identified with Enricher for DEGs between Fmr1 KO treated with either Nutlin-3 or vehicle. The results of three different categories of GO analysis are shown. The size of the bubbles indicates the number of genes. The x-axis indicates the z score (negative = downregulated in Nutlin-3-treated Fmr1 KO mice; positive = upregulated in Nutlin-3-treated Fmr1 KO mice). The y-axis indicates the negative logarithm of adjusted P-value from GO analysis (higher = more significant). ECM organization, membrane proteins, and secreted factors are the top hits in each GO category. b Heat map of the transcriptional changes of selected DEGs between Nutlin-3 and vehicle-treated Fmr1 KO mice, revealed by RNA-seq (n = 3) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis (n= 4). Red and green represent upregulation and downregulation, respectively. c–k Quantitative PCR analysis to validate a subset of DEGs in each GO category including Angptl2 (c), Aqp1 (d), Bmp6 (e), Col8a1 (f), Enpp2 (g), Erdr1 (h), Igf2 (i), Tmp3 (j), and Tmem72 (k) (n = 3/condition). The mRNA levels of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were used as the internal control. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. Data are presented as means ± SEM