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Table 1 Cluster and participant characteristics per trial arm and overall, at baseline. Data are summarised as the median and inter-quartile range (IQR), unless otherwise stated

From: The effectiveness of the Structured Health Intervention For Truckers (SHIFT): a cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT)

 

Control

Clusters = 13

Participants = 199

SHIFT

Clusters = 12

Participants = 183

Overall

Clusters = 25

Participants = 382

Missing values

Cluster level

Cluster size category, n (%)

   

0

 Small (< 40 drivers)

81 (40.7%)

93 (50.8%)

174 (45.6%)

 

 Large (≥ 40 drivers)

118 (59.3%)

90 (49.2%)

208 (54.4%)

 

Participant level

Cluster size

   

0

 Median (IQR)

14 (12, 17)

14 (13, 17)

14 (13, 17)

 

 Min, max

9, 24

11, 25

9, 25

 

Age, Mean (SD)

48.3 (9.7)

48.6 (9.1)

48.4 (9.4)

2

Sex, n (%) male

196 (98.5%)

182 (99.5%)

378 (99.0%)

0

Ethnicity, n (%)

   

1

 White British

154 (77.4%)

152 (83.1%)

306 (80.1%)

 

 Other ethnicity

45 (22.6%)

30 (16.4%)

75 (19.6%)

 

Shift patterna, n (%)

   

0

 Morning

146 (73.4%)

124 (67.8%)

270 (70.7%)

 

 Afternoon

29 (14.6%)

31 (16.9%)

60 (15.7%)

 

 Night

35 (17.6%)

45 (24.6%)

80 (20.9%)

 

Duration working at company (years)

6.17 (3.67, 11.50)

9.30 (4.06, 14.27)

7.75 (3.88, 13.42)

0

Duration working as a HGV driver (years)

15.00 (6.00, 26.00)

17.00 (10.00, 25.02)

16.00 (9.00, 25.17)

0

Average hours worked per week

48 (45, 50)

48 (45, 50)

48 (45, 50)

0

IMD rank

16779 (8500, 22904)

16040 (7934, 22171)

16591 (8165, 22544)

30

Marital status, n (%)

   

0

 Married

133 (66.8%)

113 (61.8%)

246 (64.4%)

 

 Living with partner

34 (17.1%)

31 (16.9%)

65 (17.0%)

 

Other (separated/divorced, single, widowed)

32 (16.1%)

39 (21.4%)

71 (18.6%)

 

Level of education, n (%), degree or above

16 (8.0%)

10 (5.5%)

26 (6.8%)

8

Diabetes history, n (%), yesb

15 (7.5%)

9 (4.9%)

24 (6.3%)

1

Smoking status, n (%)

   

1

 Never smoked

73 (36.7%)

77 (42.1%)

150 (39.3%)

 

 Ex-smoker

84 (42.2%)

73 (39.9%)

157 (41.1%)

 

 Current smoker

42 (21.1%)

32 (17.5%)

74 (19.4%)

 

Anthropometric measures and markers of adiposity

 Weight (kg)

94.0 (84.2, 106.9)

95.7 (84.0, 106.4)

94.8 (84.1, 106.5)

2

 Body fat (%), mean (SD)

26.8 (5.8)

27.3 (6.0)

27.0 (5.9)

11

 Fat mass (kg)

25.3 (19.6, 32.3)

25.6 (19.9, 32.7)

25.5 (19.6, 32.4)

11

 Fat Free mass (kg), mean (SD)

69.3 (8.6)

69.6 (7.8)

69.5 (8.2)

12

 Body mass index (kg/m2)

29.6 (27.0, 32.8)

29.9 (26.9, 33.7)

29.8 (26.9, 33.2)

2

 Waist circumference (cm)

104.4 (94.6, 113.1)

103.0 (95.0, 113.5)

103.7 (95.0, 113.4)

2

 Hip circumference (cm)

106.5 (101.0, 111.8)

107.5 (103.0, 114.0)

107.0 (102.0, 112.5)

2

 Waist-hip ratio (cm), mean (SD)

0.97 (0.07)

0.97 (0.07)

0.97 (0.07)

2

 Neck circumference (cm)

40.2 (38.9, 42.5)

41.0 (38.3, 42.5)

40.5 (38.4, 42.5)

2

Resting blood pressure (BP) and heart rate

 Systolic BP (mmHg)

130 (122, 140)

130 (122, 138)

130 (122, 139)

2

 Diastolic BP (mmHg)

82 (76, 90)

81 (76, 88)

82 (76, 88)

2

 Heart rate (bpm), mean (SD)

68 (10)

68 (10)

68 (10)

4

Biochemical assessments

 Glycated haemoglobin (mmol/mol)

35 (32, 38)

34 (31, 38)

35 (31, 38)

14

 Glycated haemoglobin (%)

5.4 (5.1, 5.6)

5.3 (5.0, 5.6)

5.4 (5.0, 5.6)

14

 Triglycerides (mmol/l)

1.3 (1.0, 2.1)

1.3 (0.9, 2.1)

1.3 (0.9, 2.1)

5

 HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

1.1 (1.0, 1.4)

1.1 (1.0, 1.4)

1.1 (1.0, 1.4)

5

 LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

2.8 (2.3, 3.5)

2.8 (2.4, 3.5)

2.8 (2.3, 3.5)

6

 Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

4.4 (3.8, 5.1)

4.4 (3.8, 5.1)

4.4 (3.8, 5.1)

5

Physical activity and sitting time

41

 Steps/day

8471 (6774, 10160)

8725 (7033, 11298)

8583 (6922, 10696)

 

 Sitting (mins/day), mean (SD)

678 (91)

651 (97)

665 (95)

 

 Standing (mins/day)

195 (165, 238)

213 (180, 244)

203 (169, 243)

 

 Stepping (mins/day)

112 (90, 134)

116 (93, 149)

114 (92, 139)

 

 MVPA (mins/day)

10 (6, 18)

11 (6, 21)

10 (6, 19)

 

 LPA (mins/day)

97 (81, 114)

102 (83, 129)

99 (82, 123)

 

 Number of valid days

8 (6, 8)

7 (5, 8)

7 (6, 8)

 

 Waking wear time (mins/day)

993 (955, 1033)

989 (950, 1022)

990 (953, 1032)

 

Sleep

36

 Sleep window duration (mins/day)

426 (393, 465)

424 (387, 459)

425 (390, 460)

 

 Sleep duration (mins/day)

371 (336, 405)

371 (340, 407)

371 (337, 406)

 

 Sleep efficiency (%)

88.5 (84.2, 91.3)

88.9 (84.6, 92.0)

88.6 (84.3, 91.5)

 

 Number of valid nights

6 (6, 6)

6 (5, 6)

6 (6, 6)

 

Fruit and vegetable intake and dietary quality

111

 Fruit intake (grams/day), mean (SD)

101 (122)

135 (158)

117 (141)

 

 Vegetable intake (grams/day), Mean (SD)

110 (135)

128 (166)

118 (150)

 

 Dietary quality score, mean (SD)

11.1 (2.0)

11.1 (2.1)

11.1 (2.0)

 
  1. aApproximately 90% of the sample were shift workers, where working hours did not fit entirely within the conventional 8 am–6 pm window. The categories applied (morning, afternoon, night) refer to the predominant period of the day (or night) that participants spend working
  2. bIn the control group, 14 of the 15 have type 2 diabetes; 1 did not report type. Eleven of the 15 controlled their diabetes with medical treatment, 3 with lifestyle only and 1 did not report control type. In the SHIFT group, all 9 had type 2 diabetes, 7 controlled their diabetes with medical treatment, 2 with diet only
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BMC Medicine

ISSN: 1741-7015

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