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Table 2 Demographics and injury characteristics of included EMSCI cohort stratified by sex

From: International surveillance study in acute spinal cord injury confirms viability of multinational clinical trials

 

Female (N=1059)

Male (N=3542)

Overall (N=4601)

Sex

 Female

1059 (100%)

0 (0%)

1059 (23.0%)

 Male

0 (0%)

3542 (100%)

3542 (77.0%)

Age (years)

 Mean (SD)

51.1 (20.2)

46.0 (18.4)

47.2 (19.0)

 Median [Min, Max]

52.0 [9.00, 94.0]

46.0 [9.00, 92.0]

47.0 [9.00, 94.0]

Cause

 Disc herniation

3 (0.3%)

10 (0.3%)

13 (0.3%)

 Hemorrhagic

12 (1.1%)

3 (0.1%)

15 (0.3%)

 Ischemic

129 (12.2%)

202 (5.7%)

331 (7.2%)

 Traumatic

915 (86.4%)

3327 (93.9%)

4242 (92.2%)

AIS Score

 A

360 (34.0%)

1459 (41.2%)

1819 (39.5%)

 B

136 (12.8%)

418 (11.8%)

554 (12.0%)

 C

227 (21.4%)

644 (18.2%)

871 (18.9%)

 D

336 (31.7%)

1021 (28.8%)

1357 (29.5%)

Neurological level of injury

 Cervical

539 (50.9%)

1899 (53.6%)

2438 (53.0%)

 Thoracic

387 (36.5%)

1256 (35.5%)

1643 (35.7%)

 Lumbar

133 (12.6%)

387 (10.9%)

520 (11.3%)

  1. American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS): AIS-A no sensory or motor function is preserved in the sacral segments S4-5. AIS-B sensory but no motor function is preserved below the neurological level and includes the sacral segments S4-5 (LT or PP at S4-5 or DAP), and no motor function is preserved more than three levels below the motor level on either side of the body. AIS-C motor function is preserved at the most caudal sacral segments for voluntary anal contraction OR the patient meets the criteria for sensory incomplete status, and has some sparing of motor function more than three levels below the ipsilateral motor level on either side of the body. Less than half of key muscle functions below the single NLI have a muscle grade ≥ 3. AIS-D motor incomplete status as defined above, with at least half (half or more) of key muscle functions below the single NLI having a muscle grade ≥ 3. AIS-E if sensation and motor function as tested with the ISNCSCI are graded as normal in all segments, and the patient had prior deficits, then the AIS grade is E. Someone without an initial SCI does not receive an AIS grade