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Table 3 The age-specific association between gestational age and sleep disorder in preschoolers (n=114,311)

From: Associations between gestational age and childhood sleep: a national retrospective cohort study

 

Sleep disorder (CSHQ>41)

N, %

Crude OR (95% CI)

p

p*

Adjusted ORa (95% CI)

p

p*

Yes

No

Total

87,773, 76.78%

26,538, 23.22%

      

 Very-preterm(<31W)

1932, 81.21%

447, 18.79%

1.322 (1.188, 1.47)

<0.001

<0.001

1.287 (1.157, 1.433)

<0.001

<0.001

 Moderate-preterm(32–33W)

1527, 80.67%

366, 19.33%

1.276 (1.135, 1.435)

<0.001

<0.001

1.249 (1.110, 1.405)

<0.001

<0.001

 Late-preterm (34–36W)

8049, 78.62%

2189, 21.38%

1.125 (1.065, 1.188)

<0.001

<0.001

1.111 (1.052, 1.174)

<0.001

<0.001

 Early-term (37–38W)

22,345, 76.58%

6834, 23.42%

0.97 (0.938, 1.002)

0.069

0.828

0.958 (0.927, 0.991)

0.012

0.014

 Full-term (39–40W)

44,126, 76.02%

13917, 23.98%

Reference

  

Reference

  

 Late-term (41–41W)

5390, 76.82%

1626, 23.18%

1.014 (0.953, 1.078)

0.663

0.663

0.976 (0.917, 1.039)

0.451

0.451

 Post-term (>41W)

4404, 79.17%

1159, 20.83%

1.162 (1.083, 1.247)

<0.001

<0.001

1.139 (1.061, 1.222)

<0.001

<0.001

3 years old

29,658, 78.40%

8165, 21.60%

      

 Very-preterm(<31W)

599, 82.51%

127, 17.49%

1.308 (1.074, 1.594)

0.008

0.048

1.267 (1.039, 1.545)

0.019

0.114

 Moderate-preterm(32–33W)

435, 82.08%

95, 17.92%

1.27 (1.012, 1.594)

0.039

0.078

1.24 (0.987, 1.558)

0.065

0.195

 Late-preterm (34–36W)

2377, 78.66%

645, 21.34%

1.022 (0.925, 1.129)

0.667

0.667

0.996 (0.901, 1.100)

0.930

0.930

 Early-term (37–38W)

7691, 78.29%

2133, 21.71%

0.981 (0.925, 1.04)

0.523

0.667

0.968 (0.912, 1.027)

0.277

0.415

 Full-term (39–40W)

15,317, 77.96%

4330, 22.04%

Reference

  

Reference

  

 Late-term (41–41W)

1918, 78.77%

517, 21.23%

1.029 (0.923, 1.147)

0.606

0.667

0.985 (0.883, 1.099)

0.787

0.930

 Post-term (>41W)

1321, 80.60%

318, 19.40%

1.152 (1.01, 1.314)*

0.035

0.078

1.111 (0.974, 1.269)

0.118

0.236

4 years old

33,962, 77.46%

9885, 22.54%

      

 Very-preterm(<31W)

772, 82.30%

166, 17.70%

1.352 (1.137, 1.608)

0.001

0.002

1.295 (1.088, 1.542)

0.004

0.008

 Moderate-preterm(32–33W)

636, 82.81%

132, 17.19%

1.401 (1.155, 1.699)

0.001

0.002

1.35 (1.112, 1.639)

0.002

0.006

 Late-preterm (34–36W)

3120, 80.21%

770, 19.79%

1.178 (1.076, 1.29)

<0.001

<0.001

1.155 (1.055, 1.266)

0.002

0.006

 Early-term (37–38W)

8520, 77.48%

2477, 22.52%

0.942 (0.892, 0.995)

0.031

0.0372

0.931 (0.882, 0.984)

0.011

0.016

 Full-term (39–40W)

17,022, 76.41%

5254, 23.59%

Reference

  

Reference

  

 Late-term (41–41W)

2140, 77.01%

639, 22.99%

0.974 (0.882, 1.075)

0.597

0.597

0.945 (0.855, 1.045)

0.269

0.269

 Post-term (>41W)

1752, 79.67%

447, 20.33%

1.139 (1.018, 1.276)

0.024

0.036

1.097 (0.979, 1.229)

0.111

0.133

5 years old

24,153, 74.00%

8488, 26.00%

      

 Very-preterm(<31W)

561, 78.46%

154, 21.54%

1.321 (1.098, 1.589)

0.003

0.006

1.293 (1.074, 1.557)

0.007

0.014

 Moderate-preterm(32–33W)

456, 76.64%

139, 23.36%

1.189 (0.978, 1.447)

0.083

0.1245

1.155 (0.949, 1.407)

0.151

0.226

 Late-preterm (34–36W)

2552, 76.73%

774, 23.27%

1.195 (1.088, 1.313)

<0.001

<0.001

1.172 (1.066, 1.288)

0.001

0.006

 Early-term (37–38W)

6134, 73.39%

2224, 26.61%

0.986 (0.929, 1.047)

0.651

0.651

0.979 (0.922, 1.04)

0.491

0.589

 Full-term (39–40W)

11,787, 73.12%

4333, 26.88%

Reference

  

Reference

  

 Late-term (41–41W)

1332, 73.92%

470, 26.08%

1.028 (0.915, 1.154)

0.646

0.651

1.002 (0.892, 1.126)

0.975

0.975

 Post-term (>41W)

1331, 77.16%

394, 22.84%

1.225 (1.084, 1.384)

0.001

0.003

1.209 (1.069, 1.368)

0.002

0.006

  1. CSHQ Children’s Sleep Habit Questionnaire, CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio
  2. aAdjusted for age, gender, eyesight, co-sleep, maternal characteristics and family characteristics
  3. p* value corrected after multiple testing
  4. bStatistically significant results (p < 0.05) are in bold