Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the discovery, test, training, and validation cohorts of participants
From: Circulating exosomal mRNA signatures for the early diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Characteristics | Discovery set | Test set | Training set | Validation set | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ccRCC | Healthy | p | ccRCC | Healthy | p | ccRCC | Healthy | p | ccRCC | Healthy | p | Benign | p | |
n = 12 | n = 22 | n = 16 | n = 20 | n = 92 | n = 50 | n = 106 | n = 97 | n = 73 | ||||||
Age (years) | Â | Â | 0.500 | Â | Â | 0.438 | Â | Â | 0.062 | Â | Â | 0.125 | Â | 0.176 |
 Mean ± SD | 55.6 ± 15.4 | 52.1 ± 13.9 |  | 52.4 ± 11.6 | 55.9 ± 13.9 |  | 56.2 ± 11.8 | 59.8 ± 8.4 |  | 54.0 ± 11.0 | 55.9 ± 5.5 |  | 51.6 ± 12.7 |  |
Sex, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.297 | Â | Â | 0.157 | Â | Â | 0.153 | Â | Â | 0.294 | Â | 0.000 |
 Male | 8 (66.7) | 10 (45.5) |  | 13 (81.3) | 11 (55.0) |  | 66 (71.7) | 30 (60.0) |  | 73 (68.9) | 60 (61.9) |  | 30 (41.1) |  |
 Female | 4 (33.3) | 12 (54.5) |  | 3 (18.7) | 9 (45.0) |  | 26 (28.3) | 20 (40.0) |  | 33 (31.1) | 37 (38.1) |  | 43 (58.9) |  |
Tumor size (cm) | ||||||||||||||
 Mean ± SD | 3.8 ± 2.2 |  |  | 3.1 ± 1.5 |  |  | 3. 5 ± 1.6 |  |  | 3.6 ± 1.8 |  |  | 4.8 ± 2.8 |  |
Tumor stage, n (%) | ||||||||||||||
 T1a | 10 (83.3) |  |  | 13 (81.3) |  |  | 69 (75.0) |  |  | 77 (72.6) |  |  |  |  |
 T1b | 2 (16.7) |  |  | 3 (18.7) |  |  | 19 (20.7) |  |  | 24 (22.6) |  |  |  |  |
 T2 | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 4 (4.3) |  |  | 5 (4.7) |  |  |  |  |
Pathological grade (WHO/ISUP), n (%) | ||||||||||||||
 1 | 1 (8.3) |  |  | 1 (6.3) |  |  | 6 (6.5) |  |  | 10 (9.4) |  |  |  |  |
 2 | 9 (75.0) |  |  | 14 (87.5) |  |  | 75 (81.5) |  |  | 92 (86.8) |  |  |  |  |
 3 | 1(8.3) |  |  | 1 (6.3) |  |  | 10 (10.9) |  |  | 4 (3.8) |  |  |  |  |
 4 | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 1 (1.1) |  |  | 0 |  |  |  |  |
 Unclassified | 1 (8.3) |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  |  |  |