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Fig. 4 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 4

From: Genetic evidence for a causal relationship between type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease in both Europeans and East Asians

Fig. 4

The genomic region near to SMARCD2 gene was used as an example to illustrate the different genetic structures between Europeans (A) and East Asians (B). SMARCD2 was found to be significantly associated with the cross-trait shared architecture of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and peripheral artery disease (PAD) in Europeans but not in East Asians by MGAMA and SMR analysis. The dot and the triangle represent respectively p-values and effect sizes of SNPs in GWAS and eQTL. The directions of the triangles indicate the direction of SNPs in GWAS. Most of the SNPs plotted in A and B show opposite GWAS directions. The heatmap represents the linkage disequilibrium (LD) of the SNPs, which are obviously stronger in East Asians than in Europeans. GWAS, genome-wide association studies; eQTL, expression quantitative trait loci

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