Table 2 Inverse-variance weighted two-sample Mendelian randomization estimates for antihypertensive drug effects and systolic blood pressure reduction through any mechanism (scaled to 10 mmHg) on the set of outcomes

Beta-blocker mediated 10 mmHg SBP reduction (# SNPs = 2)

Pre-eclampsia or eclampsia

0.27

0.06

1.19

0.08

Gestational diabetes

2.01

0.91

4.42

0.08

Birthweight^a

 − 0.27

 − 0.39

 − 0.15

1.90 × 10⁻⁰⁵

Calcium channel blocker mediated 10 mmHg SBP reduction (# SNPs = 23)

Pre-eclampsia or eclampsia

0.62

0.43

0.89

9.33 × 10⁻³

Gestational diabetes

1.05

0.76

1.45

0.76

Birthweight^a

0.02

 − 0.04

0.07

0.54

Systolic blood pressure, any mechanism (10 mmHg reduction, # SNPs = 1336–1346)

Pre-eclampsia or eclampsia

0.57

0.53

0.60

1.11 × 10⁻⁸⁴

Gestational diabetes

0.94

0.90

0.99

0.01

Birthweight^a

0.10

0.09

0.11

9.54 × 10⁻⁸⁰