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Table 3 Predictors of acute healthcare utilization trajectories within groups

From: Longitudinal patterns and predictors of healthcare utilization among cancer patients on home-based palliative care in Singapore: a group-based multi-trajectory analysis

Variable

Incidence rate ratio (95% CI)

ED visitations

Outpatient visitations

Inpatient admissions

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

 

Univariable analysis

Presence of unstable physical symptoms

7.49 (5.28–10.63)

1.40 (1.16–1.69)

3.18 (2.57–3.94)

0.74 (0.54–1.01)

0.64 (0.48–0.85)

0.96 (0.86–1.06)

7.09 (5.08–9.88)

1.34 (1.11–1.61)

2.39 (2.00–2.86)

Presence of distressing psychosocial symptoms

4.12 (1.99–8.53)

1.14 (0.81–1.61)

2.15 (1.40–3.31)

0.92 (0.44–1.90)

0.99 (0.57–1.73)

0.8 (0.63–1.00)

4.66 (2.41–9.00)

1.16 (0.84–1.61)

1.81 (1.26–2.60)

High home visit intensity

2.70 (1.50–4.84)

0.77 (0.56–1.07)

1.76 (1.25–2.49)

0.34 (0.19–0.63)

0.64 (0.45–0.91)

0.82 (0.70–0.96)

2.05 (1.10–3.80)

0.74 (0.55–1.00)

1.44 (1.08–1.92)

 

Multivariable analysisa

Presence of unstable physical symptoms

6.85 (4.73–9.91)

1.74 (1.44–2.1)

2.98 (2.38–3.73)

0.78 (0.56–1.08)

0.72 (0.54–0.98)

0.99 (0.89–1.10)

6.60 (4.59–9.50)

1.69 (1.41–2.03)

2.35 (1.95–2.83)

Presence of distressing psychosocial symptoms

1.52 (0.69–3.37)

1.38 (0.92–2.07)

1.50 (1.00–2.25)

1.08 (0.54–2.17)

1.53 (1.02–2.29)

0.78 (0.63–0.97)

1.89 (0.89–4.01)

1.52 (1.05–2.22)

1.37 (0.97–1.94)

High home visit intensity

1.15 (0.68–1.93)

0.40 (0.25–0.62)

0.87 (0.61–1.24)

0.54 (0.29–0.99)

0.56 (0.32–0.97)

0.84 (0.72–0.99)

0.89 (0.51–1.56)

0.37 (0.24–0.58)

0.84 (0.63–1.13)

  1. aAdjusted for both group membership and trajectory covariates. Group membership covariates included age at enrolment, marital status, preferred plan of care, awareness of diagnosis/prognosis by patient/family, medical subsidy means testing, primary decision maker, living arrangement, primary cancer diagnosis, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and ECOG performance status. Trajectory covariates included presence of unstable physical symptoms, presence of distressing psychosocial symptoms, and at least 4 HCA physical visitations per bi-week