Proactive community case management decreased malaria prevalence in rural Madagascar: results from a cluster randomized trial

Table 4 Impact of pro-CCM and IRS on malaria prevalence, intention-to-treat analyses (multivariate results, generalized estimating equations)

Variable	Individuals all ages^a	Children less than 15 years^b	Children under 5 years	Children 5 to 14 years	Individuals 15+ years
Variable	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)
Intercept	0.05 (0.03–0.08) ***	0.14 (0.05–0.38)**	0.06 (0.03–0.1) ***	0.14 (0.09–0.22) ***	0.04 (0.02–0.06) ***
Differences at baseline
Between arms (intervention vs. control)	0.98 (0.52–1.82)	0.29 (0.05–1.65)	1.08 (0.57–2.06)	0.89 (0.49–1.99)	0.97 (0.54–1.73)
Between IRS status (receiving vs. not)	1.17 (0.6–2.29)	0.39 (0.07–2.13)	1.08 (0.46–2.57)	0.93 (0.48–1.77)	1.42 (0.83–2.45)
Differences over time
Endline vs. baseline	1.04 (0.76–1.42)	1 (0.85–1.19)	1.06 (0.59–1.91)	0.96 (0.75–1.22)	1.16 (0.77–1.73)
Impact of interventions
Impact of pro-CCM over time (DiD)	0.72 (0.49–1.06)	0.59 (0.38–0.91)*	0.65 (0.28–1.54)	0.66 (0.47–0.91) *	0.87 (0.54–1.39)
Impact of IRS over time (DiD)	0.66 (0.44–0.98) *	0.65 (0.47–0.92)*	0.65 (0.27–1.54)	0.71 (0.52–0.97) *	0.63 (0.4–1.01)

*p-value < 0.05; **p-value < 0.01; ***p-value < 0.001
^aModel adjusted for age group; children 0–4 years (ref); children 5–14 years OR 2.49 (95% CI 1.93–3.21)***; individuals 15+ years OR 0.76 (95% CI 0.54–1.06)
^bModel adjusted for age group; children 0–4 years (ref); children 5–14 years OR 2.33 (95% CI 1.98–2.73)***

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