Fig. 3
From: Non-invasive assessment of HFpEF in mouse models: current gaps and future directions
Multiplane rule of discs summation method to assess LVEF in mice. A Bidimensional long axis (LAX) view of the left ventricle (LV) at the end of diastole. The solid yellow line marks the end-diastolic length of the LV and the dotted yellow line marks the endocardial border. Three parallel dotted yellow lines mark the anatomic position to obtain a short axis (SAX) view of the LV at the base (A1), papillary muscles (A2), and the apex (A3). B, C Bidimensional SAX views highlighting the endocardial surface to trace the end-diastolic area at the base (B, A1), papillary muscles (C, A2), and the apex (D, A3). LV, left ventricle; LA, left atrium, L, length; A, area