No pneumonia n = 500 | Pneumonia n = 227 | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, years (SD) | 40.1 (16.2) | 50.9 (19.1) | < 0.0001 |
Gender, male:female | 1:1.07 | 1.18:1 | 0.1347 |
Comorbidities | |||
COPD, n (%) | 20 (4.0) | 11 (4.8) | 0.2632 |
Bronchiectasis, n (%) | 8 (1.6) | 7 (3.1) | 0.1922 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 13 (2.6) | 11 (4.8) | 0.1163 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 47 (9.4) | 26 (11.5) | 0.3932 |
Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 15 (3.0) | 13 (5.7) | 0.0766 |
Renal disease, n (%) | 5 (1.0) | 4 (1.8) | 0.3891 |
Hepatic disease, n (%) | 3 (0.6) | 5 (2.2) | 0.0549 |
Cancer, n (%) | 5 (1.0) | 6 (2.6) | 0.0926 |
Symptoms | |||
Duration of fever, days (SD) | 1.8 (0.7) | 2.5 (0.8) | < 0.0001 |
Dry cough, n (%) | 287 (58.4) | 145 (63.9) | 0.0993 |
Purulent sputum, n (%) | 41 (8.2) | 86 (37.9) | < 0.0001 |
Sore throat, n (%) | 227 (45.4) | 88 (38.8) | 0.0943 |
Running nose/nasal congestion, n (%) | 114 (22.8) | 45 (19.8) | 0.3683 |
Dyspnea, n (%) | 9 (1.8) | 105 (46.3) | < 0.0001 |
Thoracic pain, n (%) | 136 (27.2) | 146 (64.3) | < 0.0001 |
myalgia, n (%) | 232 (46.4) | 112 (49.3) | 0.4620 |
Nausea, n (%) | 149 (29.8) | 49 (21.6) | 0.0211 |
Diarrhea, n (%) | 91 (18.2) | 43 (18.9) | 0.8108 |
Headache, n (%) | 97 (19.4) | 62 (27.3) | 0.0168 |
Physical signs | |||
Fever, ℃ (SD) | 38.7 (0.6) | 38.8(0.6) | 0.0151 |
Respiration rates > 20/min, n (%) | 4 (0.8) | 82 (36.1) | < 0.0001 |
Pulse rates, > 100/min, n (%) | 352 (70.4) | 168 (74.0) | 0.3177 |
Pulse SaO2%, (SD) | 98.1 (1.8) | 97.0 (3.2) | 0.1980 |
Blood parameters | |||
Red blood cell, × 1012/L (SD) | 4.6 (0.5) | 4.5 (0.7) | 0.0574 |
Hemoglobin, g/L (SD) | 139.3 (17.3) | 136.3 (19.7) | 0.0510 |
White blood cell, × 109/L (SD) | 8.1 (3.6) | 8.4 (3.9) | 0.1507 |
Neutrophils, × 109/L (SD) | 5.7 (3.3) | 6.2 (3.6) | 0.0675 |
Lymphocytes, × 109/L (SD) | 1.6 (0.8) | 1.5 (0.8) | 0.0225 |
Monocytes, × 109/L (SD) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.6 (0.3) | 0.0101 |
Eosinophils, × 109/L (SD) | 0.1 (0.1) | 0.1 (0.1) | 0.0566 |
Basophils, × 109/L (SD) | 0.0 (0.1) | 0.0 (0.1) | 0.5344 |
Thrombocyte, × 109/L (SD) | 163.9 (55.8) | 162.0 (59.8) | 0.6621 |
Neutrophils %, (SD) | 68.5 (12.4) | 71.6 (12.7) | 0.0019 |
Lymphocytes %, (SD) | 22.7 (10.7) | 19.6 (10.6) | 0.0003 |
Monocytes%, (SD) | 7.2 (3.3) | 7.6 (3.3) | 0.1823 |
Eosinophils%, (SD) | 1.2 (1.4) | 0.9 (1.2) | 0.0064 |
Basophils%, (SD) | 0.3 (0.6) | 0.3 (0.6) | 0.4440 |
Hematocrit%, (SD) | 43.4 (4.9) | 41.9 (5.5) | 0.0002 |
C-reactive protein, mg/l (SD) | 17.7 (35.5) | 42.1 (56.8) | < 0.0001 |