Table 2 Mean changes from baseline in dabigatran and warfarin groups for the primary cognitive outcomes. Data report the marginal effects (least-squares mean change from baseline score) adjusted for age (in years), log of years of education, and raw baseline score (mITT population, no imputation). Contrast values are between-group differences in the least-square mean change (dabigatran–warfarin). A positive value of contrast indicates a relative improvement (or smaller cognitive decline) of the group treated with dabigatran. There was no correction for multiple testing. Cohen’s d shows the effect size (contrast) as a proportion of the variation (residual standard deviation) of the adjusted least-square mean change
Cognitive assessment | Dabigatran | Warfarin | Difference (D-W) (95% CI) | P-value | Cohen’s d effect size | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Mean | ||||||
(SD) | N | (SD) | N | Â | Â | Â | |
MMSE score | − 0.69 (− 1.18 to − 0.20) | 83 | − 0.57 (− 1.12 to − 0.01) | 66 | − 0.12 (− 0.88 to 0.63) | 0.75 | − 0.06 |
MoCA score | − 0.39 (− 0.94 to 0.16) | 83 | 0.58 (− 0.04 to 1.19) | 66 | − 0.96 (− 1.80 to − 0.13) | 0.02 | − 0.39 |
NTB score | 0.02 (− 0.06 to 0.10) | 83 | − 0.03 (− 0.12 to 0.06) | 66 | 0.05 (− 0.07 to 0.18) | 0.40 | 0.14 |
CGNT score | |||||||
Composite score | − 0.06 (− 0.16 to 0.04) | 68 | 0.09 (− 0.02 to 0.20) | 56 | − 0.15 (− 0.30 to 0.006) | 0.06 | − 0.36 |
Simple reaction time (AC) | 0.33 (0.008 to 0.64) | 74 | 0.76 (0.40 to 1.11) | 60 | − 0.43 (− 0.92 to 0.05) | 0.08 | − 0.32 |
Simple reaction time (RT) | 5.86 (− 62 to 73) | 74 | − 168 (− 244 to − 93) | 60 | 174 (71 to 277) | 0.001 | 0.60 |
Sustained attention (AC) | − 1.40 (− 3.00 to 0.25) | 75 | − 1.00 (− 2.90 to 0.88) | 58 | − 0.39 (− 2.94 to 2.15) | 0.76 | − 0.06 |
Sustained attention (RT) | 36 (− 28 to 99) | 75 | − 28 (− 100 to 45) | 58 | 63 (− 35 to 161) | 0.21 | 0.23 |
Selective attention (AC) | − 0.35 (− 4.80 to 4.13) | 75 | 2.80 (− 2.20 to 7.90) | 59 | − 3.20 (− 10.10 to 3.78) | 0.37 | − 0.17 |
Selective attention (RT) | 69 (− 106 to 245) | 75 | − 189 (− 388 to 11) | 59 | 258 (− 15 to 531) | 0.06 | 0.34 |
Divided attention (AC) | 1.47 (0.29 to 2.65) | 72 | 0.13 (− 1.18 to 1.43) | 59 | 1.35 (− 0.46 to 3.15) | 0.14 | 0.27 |
Divided attention (RT) | 3.50 (− 55 to 62) | 72 | − 17 (− 82 to 48) | 59 | 20.80 (− 69 to 111) | 0.65 | 0.09 |