Table 3 Distribution of characteristics and their associations with prophylactic antibiotic use for vaginal delivery only
Characteristics | Unweighted | Weighted | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total, no. | Antibiotic use, no. | Proportion, % | Prevalence, % | OR (95%CI, P value) | AOR (95%CI, P value) | |
Hospital level | ||||||
 Secondary | 10,634 | 1974 | 54.0 | 29.6 | 1 [reference] | 1 [reference] |
 Tertiary | 34,871 | 7669 | 46.0 | 24.0 | 0.75 (0.32–1.77, P = 0.507) | 0.78 (0.35–1.72, P = 0.533) |
Hospital type | ||||||
 Maternity | 22,505 | 3446 | 44.5 | 14.5 | 1 [reference] | 1 [reference] |
 General | 23,000 | 6197 | 55.5 | 37.0 | 3.47 (1.65–7.28, P = 0.001) | 3.36 (1.58–7.11, P = 0.002) |
Mode of delivery | ||||||
 Spontaneous vaginal | 44,220 | 9080 | 97.5 | 26.2 | 1 [reference] | 1 [reference] |
 Operative vaginal | 1285 | 563 | 2.5 | 57.8 | 3.85 (1.22–12.13, P = 0.022) | 3.36 (1.27–8.86, P = 0.015) |
Premature rupture of membrane | ||||||
 No | 38,110 | 6323 | 85.8 | 23.8 | 1 [reference] | 1 [reference] |
 Yes | 7351 | 3303 | 14.2 | 46.2 | 2.74 (1.82–4.14, P < 0.001) | 2.86 (1.79–4.55, P < 0.001) |
Preterm labor | ||||||
 No | 41,672 | 8212 | 93.6 | 25.6 | 1 [reference] | 1 [reference] |
 Yes | 3232 | 1258 | 6.4 | 43.8 | 2.27 (1.75–2.94, P < 0.001) | 2.27 (1.80–2.87, P < 0.001) |
Meconium-stained amniotic fluid | ||||||
 No | 41,441 | 8423 | 89.6 | 25.6 | 1 [reference] | 1 [reference] |
 Yes | 3931 | 1171 | 10.4 | 39.3 | 1.88 (1.33–2.68, P = 0.001) | 1.82 (1.16–2.85, P = 0.010) |
Episiotomy | ||||||
 No | 33,187 | 5879 | 65.3 | 22.4 | 1 [reference] | 1 [reference] |
 Yes | 12,068 | 3734 | 34.7 | 35.8 | 1.93 (1.53–2.42, P < 0.001) | 1.48 (1.02–2.16, P = 0.039) |
Perineal laceration degree | ||||||
 None, I and II | 44,945 | 9540 | 99.8 | 27.0 | 1 [reference] | 1 [reference] |
 III and IV | 72 | 25 | 0.2 | 35.0 | 1.45 (0.36–5.94, P = 0.600) | 1.78 (0.58–5.46, P = 0.308) |