Men | Women | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alcohol-only | Opioid-only | Alcohol and opioid | Alcohol-only | Opioid-only | Alcohol and opioid | |
Race and ethnicity effect at 2010 (ref. White) | ||||||
Black | −1.017 (−1.274, −0.761)*** | −4.542 (−9.279, 0.196) | −0.694 (−1.459, 0.071) | −1.024 (−1.236, −0.813)*** | −4.189 (−7.515, −0.864)* | −0.512 (−0.779, −0.245)*** |
Hispanic | −1.339 (−1.849, −0.829)*** | −5.394 (−11.115, 0.328) | −0.804 (−1.570, −0.037)* | −0.902 (−1.077, −0.728)*** | −7.985 (−13.285, −2.685)** | −0.451 (−0.614, −0.288)*** |
Other | −0.005 (−0.362, 0.353) | −5.837 (−9.968, −1.706)** | −1.143 (−1.668, −0.618)*** | −0.565 (−0.745, −0.384)*** | −4.790 (−8.014, −1.566)** | −0.455 (−0.605, −0.306)*** |
Education effect at 2010 (ref high education) | ||||||
Low education | 5.554 (5.208, 5.901)*** | 21.839 (11.679, 32.000)*** | 3.109 (1.414, 4.804)*** | 1.158 (0.924, 1.393)*** | 6.344 (4.473, 8.215)*** | 0.043 (−0.604, 0.690) |
Medium education | 1.581 (1.364, 1.797)*** | 3.678 (1.299, 6.057)** | 0.870 (−0.131, 1.871) | 0.230 (0.010, 0.450)* | 1.946 (1.071, 2.820)*** | −0.196 (−0.807, 0.415) |
Linear yearb | 0.068 (0.052, 0.083)*** | 0.486 (0.032, 0.941)* | 0.087 (0.001, 0.173)* | 0.043 (0.021, 0.066)*** | 0.427 (0.056, 0.799)* | 0.097 (0.034, 0.160)** |
Quadratic yearb | −0.003 (−0.006, 0.000)* | 0.016 (−0.009, 0.040) | 0.002 (−0.003, 0.007) | −0.002 (−0.005, 0.001) | 0.010 (−0.009, 0.029) | 0.003 (0.000, 0.006) |
Race by linear year | ||||||
Black × year | −0.052 (−0.081, −0.023)*** | −0.280 (−0.716, 0.157) | 0.026 (−0.049, 0.102) | −0.034 (−0.055, −0.013)** | −0.353 (−0.717, 0.012) | −0.017 (−0.045, 0.010) |
Hispanic × year | −0.068 (−0.123, −0.013)* | −0.717 (−1.207, −0.227)** | −0.106 (−0.180, −0.032)** | −0.059 (−0.080, −0.039)*** | −0.920 (−1.572, −0.268)** | −0.064 (−0.083, −0.045)*** |
Other × year | −0.010 (−0.054, 0.033) | −0.699 (−1.149, −0.248)** | −0.159 (−0.215, −0.102)*** | −0.024 (−0.045, −0.003)* | −0.491 (−0.872, −0.110)* | −0.070 (−0.088, −0.052)*** |
Race by quadratic year | ||||||
Black × year sq. | 0.007 (0.002, 0.012)** | 0.019 (−0.013, 0.050) | 0.012 (0.003, 0.020)** | 0.004 (0.001, 0.007)** | −0.003 (−0.023, 0.017) | 0.002 (−0.001, 0.005) |
Hispanic × year sq. | 0.004 (−0.003, 0.012) | −0.030 (−0.061, 0.001) | 0.000 (−0.007, 0.008) | 0.001 (−0.002, 0.005) | −0.037 (−0.071, −0.004)* | −0.003 (−0.006, 0.000)* |
Other × year sq. | 0.003 (−0.004, 0.010) | −0.029 (−0.055, −0.002)* | −0.005 (−0.012, 0.001) | 0.002 (−0.001, 0.006) | −0.016 (−0.037, 0.004) | −0.003 (−0.005, 0.000)* |
Education by linear year | ||||||
Low education × year | 0.186 (0.148, 0.225)*** | 2.132 (1.450, 2.814)*** | 0.322 (0.184, 0.460)*** | 0.073 (0.049, 0.097)*** | 0.809 (0.619, 0.999)*** | 0.032 (−0.037, 0.101) |
Med education × year | 0.108 (0.083, 0.132)*** | 0.609 (0.366, 0.852)*** | 0.144 (0.040, 0.247)** | 0.053 (0.031, 0.075)*** | 0.255 (0.168, 0.343)*** | −0.006 (−0.069, 0.056) |
Educ by quadratic year | ||||||
Low education × year sq. | 0.004 (−0.002, 0.011) | 0.122 (0.085, 0.159)*** | 0.026 (0.014, 0.038)*** | 0.003 (−0.001, 0.006) | 0.039 (0.024, 0.055)*** | 0.005 (0.001, 0.009)* |
Med education × year sq. | 0.000 (−0.004, 0.005) | 0.042 (0.019, 0.065)*** | 0.011 (0.004, 0.017)** | 0.001 (−0.002, 0.005) | 0.012 (0.001, 0.022)* | 0.001 (−0.003, 0.004) |
Interceptc | 2.155 (2.017, 2.293)*** | 5.217 (1.032, 9.401)* | 0.974 (−0.203, 2.150) | 1.413 (1.190, 1.637)*** | 5.008 (1.869, 8.146)** | 0.956 (0.339, 1.572)** |