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Fig. 5 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 5

From: Combination of an autophagy inhibitor with immunoadjuvants and an anti-PD-L1 antibody in multifunctional nanoparticles for enhanced breast cancer immunotherapy

Fig. 5

In vivo targeted delivery of multifunctional nanoparticles (MNPs). a Fluorescence imaging of 4T1 breast tumor-bearing mice at 2, 4, 8, 24, and 48 h post-administration of DiD-loaded MNPs (N) or a solution of free DiD (S). b Nanoparticle distribution in tumors and major organs at 48 h post-injection of DiD-loaded MNPs (N) or a solution of free DiD (S). c Semiquantitation of total radiant efficiency in isolated tumors and major organs at 48 h post-injection of DiD-loaded MNPs (N) or a solution of free DiD (S). Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 3). Student’s t-test was performed. *P < 0.05. d, e Confocal imaging of frozen tumor sections. Tumor cells were stained with d anti-CD44 antibody (green) or e anti-PD-L1 antibody (green). Cell nuclei were stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI; blue). Red fluorescence (DiD) indicated MNPs. Mice injected with 5% glucose solution were set as control group. CQ, chloroquine; DiD, 4-chlorobenzenesulfonate salt

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