Table 2 HRs and 95% CIs of individual coffee and tea consumption for all-cause and cause-specific mortality
Cause of death | All participants | Coffee consumption (cups/day) | Tea consumption (cups/day) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
None (N = 110,646) | < 1–2 (N = 229,498) | 3–4 (N = 102,694) | ≥ 5 (N = 55,320) | None (N = 73,223) | < 1–1 (N = 57,438) | 2–4 (N = 217,454) | ≥ 5 (N = 150,043) | ||
All causes | |||||||||
 No. of deaths (%) | 34,699 | 7963 (22.95) | 15,023 (43.30) | 7124 (20.53) | 4589 (13.23) | 5681 (16.37) | 3744 (10.79) | 14,206 (40.94) | 11,068 (31.90) |
 Model 1a |  | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.80 (0.78–0.83) | 0.84 (0.81–0.86) | 1.03 (0.99–1.07) | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.84 (0.80–0.87) | 0.77 (0.75–0.80) | 0.86 (0.83–0.89) |
 Model 2b |  | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.91 (0.88–0.93) | 0.92 (0.89–0.95) | 0.97 (0.93–1.01) | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.92 (0.88–0.96) | 0.86 (0.83–0.88) | 0.87 (0.84–0.90) |
Cardiovascular disease | |||||||||
 No. of deaths (%) | 6663 | 1528 (22.93) | 2854 (42.83) | 1366 (20.50) | 915 (13.73) | 1106 (16.60) | 731 (10.97) | 2748 (41.24) | 2078 (31.19) |
 Model 1a |  | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.79 (0.74–0.84) | 0.81 (0.75–0.88) | 1.02 (0.94–1.12) | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.84 (0.76–0.92) | 0.77 (0.71–0.83) | 0.82 (0.75–0.88) |
 Model 2b |  | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.94 (0.88–1.00) | 0.96 (0.89–1.04) | 1.04 (0.95–1.14) | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.94 (0.85–1.03) | 0.88 (0.81–0.94) | 0.87 (0.80–0.94) |
Respiratory disease | |||||||||
 No. of deaths (%) | 6018 | 1532 (25.46) | 2354 (39.12) | 1173 (19.49) | 959 (15.94) | 1078 (17.91) | 549 (9.12) | 2247 (37.34) | 2144 (35.63) |
 Model 1a |  | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.67 (0.63–0.71) | 0.75 (0.69–0.81) | 1.16 (1.06–1.26) | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.68 (0.61–0.75) | 0.69 (0.64–0.75) | 0.92 (0.85–0.99) |
 Model 2b |  | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.84 (0.78–0.89) | 0.90 (0.83–0.98) | 1.06 (0.97–1.16) | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.80 (0.72–0.88) | 0.80 (0.74–0.87) | 0.91 (0.84–0.99) |
Digestive disease | |||||||||
 No. of deaths (%) | 2864 | 768 (26.82) | 1189 (41.52) | 544 (18.99) | 363 (12.67) | 533 (18.61) | 351 (12.26) | 1155 (40.33) | 825 (28.81) |
 Model 1a |  | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.66 (0.60–0.72) | 0.60 (0.54–0.68) | 0.72 (0.63–0.82) | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.84 (0.73–0.96) | 0.65 (0.58–0.72) | 0.61 (0.55–0.69) |
 Model 2b |  | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.78 (0.71–0.86) | 0.69 (0.62–0.78) | 0.67 (0.59–0.77) | 1.00 (Ref.) | 0.95 (0.83–1.09) | 0.76 (0.68–0.85) | 0.65 (0.58–0.73) |