Proguanil and atovaquone use is associated with lower colorectal cancer risk: a nationwide cohort study

Table 3 Subgroup analyses by cancer site and cancer stage

	Individuals, n	Person-years	CRC diagnoses, n	IR, per 10,000 person-year	Crude			Adjusted^a
	Individuals, n	Person-years	CRC diagnoses, n	IR, per 10,000 person-year	HR	95% CI	P value	HR	95% CI	P value
Cancer site
Colon cancer
Non-users	168,170	1,185,525	933	7.87	1			1
Users	16,817	120,203	75	6.24	0.78	0.62–0.98	0.003	0.78	0.61–0.99	0.042
Rectal cancer
Non-users	168,170	1,185,525	498	4.20	1			1
Users	16,817	120,203	37	3.08	0.72	0.52–1.00	0.049	0.72	0.51–1.02	0.072
Cancer stage
Stages I and II
Non-users	168,170	1,185,525	525	4.43	1			1
Users	16,817	120,203	48	3.99	0.89	0.67–1.17	0.395	0.88	0.65–1.20	0.424
Stages III and IV
Non-users	168,170	1,185,525	745	6.28	1			1
Users	16,817	120,203	52	4.33	0.68	0.52–0.89	0.005	0.69	0.51–0.92	0.011

CRC colorectal cancer, IR incidence rate, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence intervals, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, IBD inflammatory bowel disease, CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index score
^aAdjusted for age at index, sex, education, birth country, income, history of inflammatory bowel disease, COPD, obesity, outpatient visits, history of colonoscopy, use of aspirin, use of statin, and CCI

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