Fig. 4

Performance of the PDACatch classifier in differentiating PDAC from healthy plasma and covariate analysis of the PDACatch classifier. A ROC curve of the PDACatch classifier distinguishing PDAC and healthy plasma in the training and validation cohorts. B The PDACatch classifier scores across different types of samples. In Panel B, samples were labelled with cohorts (Training/Validation), pathological types (H: Healthy; CP: chronic pancreatitis) and stages (I, II, I-IIA and IIB-IV). During covariate analysis, PDACatch scores of PDAC and healthy plasma samples were grouped by sex (C), age (D), tumour size (E) and tumour location (F). In E, brackets and parentheses indicate inclusion and exclusion of size, respectively. Wilcoxon rank sum test: ns, not significant (0.05 < p ≤ 1.0); *: 0.01 < p ≤ 0.5; **: 0.001e−03 < p ≤ 0.01; ***: 0.0001 < p ≤ 0.001; ****: p ≤ 0.0001