Fig. 5

Independent test of the PDACatch classifier and its comparison and integration with CA19-9. A ROC curves of CA19-9, PDACatch and the combined classifier in differentiating PDAC and healthy controls in the training and validation sets. B Comparison of the sensitivities of CA19-9, PDACatch and the combinatorial classifier in classifying PDAC of different stages. The specificity was fixed at 89%. Error bars: 95% CI of sensitivity. C ROC curve of the PDACatch classifier on the independent test samples. D Comparison of the sensitivity of PDACatch and CA19-9 in detecting CA19-9-negative PDAC cases in the study cohorts. Note that the specificity was of the entire cohort by the classifier. E Predicted probability scores for noncancerous cases (n = 37) and Stage I (n = 25), Stage II (n = 44), Stage III (n = 18) and Stage IV (n =5). The same samples were also tested for CA19-9 levels. Orange dots show the CA19-9-positive cases (>37 U/ml), and blue dots show CA19-9-negative cases (≤37 U/ml)