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Table 1 Phenotypes associated with genetically proxied milk consumption in MR-PheWAS analysis in the UK Biobank (N=339,197)

From: Health effects of milk consumption: phenome-wide Mendelian randomization study

Phecode

Phenotype

Cases

Controls

With adjustment for BMI

Without adjustment for BMI

Beta

SE

OR (95% CI)

P

Beta

SE

OR (95% CI)

P

366

Cataract

33,716

304,456

−0.120

0.029

0.89 (0.84–0.94)

3.81E−05

−0.114

0.029

0.89 (0.84–0.94)

8.63E−05

250.2

Type 2 diabetes

23,991

312,261

−0.129

0.035

0.88 (0.82–0.94)

1.75E−04

−0.094

0.032

0.91 (0.86–0.97)

4.36E−03

250

Diabetes mellitus

24,824

312,261

−0.126

0.035

0.88 (0.82–0.94)

1.78E−04

−0.091

0.032

0.91 (0.86–0.97)

4.49E−03

272

Disorders of lipoid metabolism

47,652

290,520

−0.094

0.026

0.91 (0.86–0.96)

2.77E−04

−0.076

0.026

0.93 (0.88–0.98)

2.10E−03

272.11

Hypercholesterolemia

43,956

290,520

−0.094

0.026

0.91 (0.86–0.96)

2.97E−04

−0.079

0.026

0.92 (0.88−0.97)

2.24E−03

272.1

Hyperlipidemia

47,448

290,520

−0.091

0.026

0.91 (0.87–0.96)

3.12E−04

−0.076

0.026

0.93 (0.88–0.98)

2.34E−03

362.29

Macular degeneration (senile) of retina

5276

321,852

−0.231

0.067

0.79 (0.70–0.91)

6.23E–04

−0.228

0.067

0.80 (0.70–0.91)

6.88E−04

565.1

Anal and rectal polyp

10,117

309,827

−0.161

0.050

0.85 (0.77–0.94)

1.16E−03

−0.155

0.050

0.86 (0.78–0.94)

1.65E−03

  1. BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio, SE standard error. The associations were scaled to per 50 g/day increase in genetically predicted milk consumption